作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 北京大学城市与环境学院地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室

出　　处： 《生态环境学报》 2011年第4期761-766,共6页

摘　　要： 填海造陆是沿海地带缓解人地矛盾的有效手段,在我国方兴未艾。作为大规模的人类干扰活动,填海造陆必然对海岸带系统的各个方面产生巨大影响。需要从自然地理过程的各个要素和人类社会组成的环境系统的统一协调发展中,寻求填海造陆的科学方案,实现海岸带的有序利用。文章结合近年来研究进展详细分析了填海造陆对于土地、水文、生态及气候、原料源地等多方面的环境效应及其关联。结果发现:(1)填海造陆对环境的负效应在种类上多于正效应;(2)填海造陆的影响范围遍及从海到陆的整个海岸带区域;(3)填海造陆效应具有从短期扰动事件到长期生态和物理过程的宽域时间尺度;(4)填海造陆各个效应之间存在着很强的关联和促进机制。未来应加强填海造陆对陆地滨海地区的影响,对气候和海洋地貌等长期自然过程的效应,以及各方面环境效应间的正负反馈机制定量化等方面的研究。 Land reclamation from sea,an effective way to alleviate the man and land contradiction in the coastal zone,is still growing in China.As a massive human intervention,land reclamation from sea inevitably has great effects on all the aspects of coastal system.It is necessary to analyze the overall coordination of environmental system that is composed of factors of physical geographic process and human society,to find a scientific strategy of land reclamation from sea,and to achieve orderly utilization of coastal zone.This paper analyzes the specific environmental effects of land reclamation from sea from the following aspects： land,hydrology,ecology,climate,and source of material.The relations among environmental effects of land reclamation from sea are displayed too.The result shows： ① Negative effects are more than positive effects in kind;② The impact of land reclamation from sea covers all the coastal zone;③ The time effects extends in a wide range from short-term disturbance to long-term ecological and physical process;④ There were strong connections and fostering mechanism among the effects of land reclamation from sea.We should strengthen the following researches in future： the impacts of land reclamation from sea on original land area,the response of long-term physical process such as climate and marine geomorphology,and the quantification of positive and negative feedback of various environmental effects.

关 键 词： 填海造陆 环境效应 进展 海岸带

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]