作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 北京大学城市与环境学院

出　　处： 《应用生态学报》 2011年第6期1615-1622,共8页

摘　　要： 为观测和理解长时间与大范围尺度的生态变化,美国自然科学基金会于1980年启动了长期生态研究计划(LTER),30年来在站点建设、科学研究和社会服务等方面取得了巨大成就.本文将美国LTER的成功经验归纳为5个特点,即:研究网络、研究主题和数据兼容的系统性,项目时间与研究尺度的长期性,资金来源与研究内容的灵活性,国际、人文、方法与机构合作方面的拓展性,数据和教育的共享性;并以弗吉尼亚海岸保护区(VCR)为案例展示其实施效果.在此基础上提出对我国长期生态研究的建议,包括加强组织建设,建立完整网络并增强站际合作,重视数据的质量、管理和分享,增强多学科研究,扩大公共影响等. In order to observe and understand long-term and large-scale ecological changes,the US National Science Foundation initiated a Long-Term Ecological Research（LTER） program in 1980.Over the past 30 years,the US LTER program has achieved advances in ecological and social science research,and in the development of site-based research infrastructure.This paper attributed the success of the program to five characteristics,i.e.,1） consistency of research topics and data across the network,2） long-term time scale of both the research and the program,3） flexibility in research content and funding procedures,4） growth of LTER to include international partners,new disciplines such as social science, advanced research methods,and cooperation among sites,and 5） sharing of data and educational resources.The Virginia Coast Reserve LTER site was taken as an example to illustrate how the US LTER works at site level.Some suggestions were made on the China long-term ecological research,including strengthening institution construction,improving network and inter-site cooperation,emphasizing data quality,management,and sharing,reinforcing multidisciplinary cooperation,and expanding public influence.

关 键 词： 长期生态研究 美国 生态站网络 弗吉尼亚海岸保护区 启示

领　　域： [生物学] [生物学]