作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 北京体育大学运动人体科学学院

出　　处： 《天津体育学院学报》 2011年第3期185-190,231,共7页

摘　　要： 运动员训练和比赛的过程,实质上是不断进行自我控制并不断自我发展的过程。西方运动心理学帮助运动员进行自我控制的主要方法是心理技能训练,而中国运动心理学帮助运动员进行自我控制的方法除了心理技能训练之外,还包括帮助运动员进行认知层面上的提升。讨论如何应用辩证思想帮助运动员处理训练、比赛中与自我控制问题相关联的8对关系,即紧张与冷静的关系,简单与复杂的关系,拼搏与淡定的关系,充满自信与放低位置的关系,有形与无形的关系,内因与外因的关系,付出与得到的关系,比赛目标与人生目标的关系。最后指出:辩证思想是人类最高的智慧,也是帮助运动员应对各种难题、困境,进行有效的自我控制,达到平衡发展、稳定发展和长期发展的基本思路。 The process of athletic training and competition is a process of self-control and self-development in nature.From perspective of Western sport psychology,the major method of helping athletes administer self-control is psychological skill training.From perspective of Chinese sport psychology,the ways to help athletes perform self-control include both psychological skill training and cognitive improvement.This paper discussed how to apply dialectics to handle eight relationships related to self-control,which athletes have to cope with during their training and competition.These relationships include the relationships between tension and calm,simple and complicated,fighting spirit and quiet mentality,confident and modest,tangible training and intangible training,internal focus and external focus,pain and gain,short term goal and long term goal.It is pointed out that dialectics is human wisdom at the highest level as well as the basic guideline for helping athletes cope with difficulties and dilemmas and it can reach effective self-control and achieve balanced and stable development.

关 键 词： 自我控制 辩证法 心理训练 心理咨询 运动员

领　　域： [文化科学] [文化科学]