作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 汕头大学理学院生物系

出　　处： 《海洋与湖沼》 2010年第6期816-823,共8页

摘　　要： 通过2007年1—12月连续12个航次对深澳湾内网箱养殖区、太平洋牡蛎养殖区以及龙须菜-太平洋牡蛎混养区域等不同养殖水体每月一次的监测结果,分析了该养殖海区NH4-N、PO4-P等主要水化因子的时空分布规律,并利用营养状态质量指数对深澳湾水体进行了水质量评价。结果表明,深澳湾水域NH4-N、PO4-P的空间变化情况与地理位置和养殖活动有着很大的关系。湾外的S1站由于具有良好的水体交换条件,因此调查期间S1站的NH4-N、PO4-P在整个海区均为最低值;网箱养殖区的S5站受人为活动的影响较大,故该水域的NH4-N、PO4-P在整个海区内最高;S3站的低NH4-N、低PO4-P与其所养殖的龙须菜对营养盐的吸收有关,而同样是龙须菜养殖区的S2站,由于其所处位置水体较浅且正好位于两股海流的汇集处,水动力条件较好,因此S2站的NH4-N的含量较S3高一些。NH4-N、PO4-P的时间变化主要与养殖活动的季节性有关,如在龙须菜生长旺盛的春夏季节,水体中的NH4-N、PO4-P就处于一个较低的水平;而在9—11月,整个海区内的养殖以太平洋牡蛎与石斑鱼为主,因此这一季节的高氨高磷主要与养殖过程中的投饵有关。DIN组成中以NO3-N为主,占到了DIN总量的73.5%,其次是NH4-N,为21.0%。在整个调查期间,深澳湾整体水质良好,5个站点均达到了国家海水水质二类标准,12个月份中有9个月份的DIN和PO4-P达到了国家二类水质要求。营养状态质量指数分析结果显示,深澳湾养殖区各个监测站位的海水营养状态综合指数均处于2—3之间,属于P限制型中度营养。 The continuous surveys were carried out monthly throughout the year of 2007 in the fish cage aquaculture area, the Pacific oyster aquaculture area and the Gracilaria lemaneiformis-Pacific oyster intercultural area of Shen’ao Bay. The results showed the change in the spatial distribution of nitrogen and phosphate around the Shen’ao Bay areas were related to its geographical location and aquaculture activities. The fish cage aquaculture area is greatly impacted by human activities than any other monitoring areas that leads to highest concentration of NH4-N and PO4-P in S5. The ammonium and phosphate of S3 were recorded the lowest concentration due to nutritional uptake by Gracilaria lemaneiformis. The seasonal variations of the ammonium and phosphate concentration were mainly due to seasonal farming activities. The overall water quality of the Shen’ao Bay areas was found in good standing during the time of surveys; samples from all monitoring stations nine out of the twelve months were recorded achieving the second level of the national seawater standards. The Nutrient Quality Index（NQI）values were recorded between 2.0 to 3.0 in all monitoring stations around the Shen’ao Bay areas, therefore, indicating Shen’ao Bay areas primary production might be limited by its phosphate concentration.

关 键 词： 深澳湾 营养盐 营养状态质量指数

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]