作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中山大学环境科学与工程学院

出　　处： 《生态学报》 2011年第6期1515-1524,共10页

摘　　要： 以广州城区生态安全岛典型的自然和半自然型植物群落为研究对象,通过样方调查,对物种组成、区系成分、群落结构、珍稀濒危种、物种丰富度和多样性等要素进行了研究,结果表明:广州城区6处生态安全岛3.238hm2的调查样方中,共记录到维管束植物145科342属495种,热带亚热带区系特征明显。不同保护级别的珍稀濒危植物6科7属7种;群落垂直结构复杂,乔木层一般都能划分亚层。物种丰富度Partrick指数值在22—100之间变化、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数值在0.3861—3.0901之间变化、Simpson优势度指数值在0.1380—0.9261之间变化以及Pielou均匀度指数值Jsw在0.1289—0.9427之间变化,相似性系数S和Bray-Curtis指数存在一定差异。目前广州城区生态安全岛的植物群落随着正向演替的进行,物种多样性在不断增加。在区系上,生态安全岛与具有南亚热带地带性典型植被的鼎湖山联系较密切,虽然在物种多样性方面尚有一定差距,但演替时间较长的生态安全岛植物群落的物种多样性已相当于鼎湖山南亚热带地带性植被演替的后期阶段。植被之间的空间距离、与城市中心距离的远近等生境条件差异、人为干扰均对群落的物种多样性产生影响。因此,需加强保护,才能在高度城市化的区域保存这样一些具有地带性顶级群落的结构和物种多样性特征的植物群落。 The community structure and species diversity of natural and semi-natural plant communities in six ecological safety islands,located in urban Guangzhou,were studied by the sample-plot survey method.The results show that 495 species belonging to 145 families and 342 genera were recorded in the six ecological safety islands,which have a total area of 3.238hm2.Among the 495 recorded species,30 species are ferns belonging to 19 families and 15 genera;10 species are gymnosperms belonging to 6 families and 8 genera;90 species are monocotyledon belonging to 27 families and 68 genera;365 species are dicotyledon belonging to 93 families and 241 genera.The geographical elements of the genera are mainly composed of tropical and subtropical types.In addition,7 rare and endangered species belonging to 6 families and 7 genera were recorded,which fall into different protection grades.The rare and endangered species were mainly found in fengshui forest communities.The communities in the middle and later stage of succession had a complex vertical structure and most of the arbor layer could be divided into sub-layers.The communities in the initial stage of succession had a relatively simple structure.The Patrick Index varied from 22 to 100,whilst the Shannon-Wiener Index varied from 0.3861 to 3.0901.Values of between 0.1380 and 0.9261 were observed for the Simpson Index,while the Pielou Index（Jsw） was between 0.1289 and 0.9427.A difference could be identified between the Sorenson Index and the Bray-Curtis Index.The Shannon-Wiener Index and the Patrick Index exhibited similar patterns,but the Simpson Index and the Pielou Index had different patterns.The index of β diversity showed that there was a high coefficient of community similarity among the fengshui forest communities.As the succession progressed,the β diversity of other communities would increase gradually.Plant communities in the ecological safety islands of urban Guangzhou are in positive succession with an increase in species diversity.As the distance between sampl

关 键 词： 植物群落 结构 物种多样性 生态安全岛 广州城区

领　　域： [农业科学]