作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 湖南大学环境科学与工程学院

出　　处： 《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》 2011年第1期266-271,共6页

摘　　要： 采用阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠研究胶团强化超滤法对水溶液中3种重金属离子Cd2+,Cu2+和Ni2+的去除,考察不同阴离子的钠盐对胶团强化超滤性能的影响,通过动态光散射法测定溶液中表面活性剂胶团的直径。研究结果表明:胶团直径随着SDS浓度的增加逐渐减小,NaCl浓度增加屏蔽了表面活性剂头基之间的静电排斥力,导致胶团聚集数和直径增大;当表面活性剂和金属离子浓度比为10时,在单一和混合体系中,同一条件下的Cd2+,Cu2+和Ni2+截留率都基本相同,均高于98%,证明胶团强化超滤去除金属离子的机理是金属离子通过静电引力吸附于SDS胶团上,金属离子的截留率只与其价态有关,而与金属离子种类无关;高浓度NaCl的加入会使Cd2+截留率显著降低。 The removal of Cd2＋, Cu2＋ and Nia＋ from aqueous solution via micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration and the effect of salts on metal removal were studied with anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate. The micelle sizes were determined by dynamic light scattering measurements. The results show that the micelle sizes and aggregation numbers of micelle decrease with the increase of surfactant concentration but increase with the increase of NaC1 concentration. When the concentration of surfactant to metal ions in single or mixed systems is fixed at 10, the rejections of three metal ions are similar and higher than 98%. Metal ions are adsorbed on micelles by electrostatic attraction. The rejection of metal ion is dependent on the valence of metal ion but independent of metal species. High feed concentration of NaC1 is very harmful to the rejection of Cd2＋.

关 键 词： 膜 胶团强化超滤 表面活性剂 动态光散射 重金属

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]