作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 北京大学城市与环境学院城市与经济地理系

出　　处： 《地理学报》 2011年第2期157-166,共10页

摘　　要： 制度转型与空间重构背景下,中国大城市的居住与就业空间关系发生明显变化,职住分离现象逐渐凸显。尽管城市地理学者逐步关注转型期城市居住与就业空间关系的变化对居民通勤行为的影响,然而深入探讨微观个体所承受的职住分离程度的差异性及其影响因素的实证研究仍然缺乏。基于对北京城市520户家庭、806个通勤样本的问卷调查数据,本文借助多元回归模型验证了居住区类型、家庭及住房状况、以及其他社会经济属性等居民职住分离程度差异性的影响,从而折射城市转型过程中宏观制度性及结构性因素(如土地市场化改革、住房政策、单位制度改革、城市空间扩展等)对个体日常生活经历差异性的影响。 In the last decades Chinese cities have seen the phenomenal rise of job and residential mobility in transitional urban China,as well as the profound urban spatial restructuring as a consequence.Some studies,however,noticed possible negative impacts of urban sprawl and housing reform on households＇ living experience,particularly with respect to their accessibility to jobs,services and amenities.Western studies have shown that many households have moved to better housing by enduring longer commuting distance to workplace.In China,home-work separation becomes more acute for certain households due to the rapid urban sprawl and the dismantling of the work unit system that favored mixed land use patterns.However,so far there has been limited empirical research on the extent and determinants of home-work separation in transitional urban China.This paper attempts to contribute to such intellectual gap by providing empirical evidence for home-work separation and commuting patterns of urban residents in Beijing.Using survey data from 1200 residents conducted in 2007 and GIS spatial analysis techniques,we investigate the spatial patterns of commuting behavior as a measurement of home-work separation.Then we focus on job accessibility of residents in different socio-economic groups,using the measurement of commuting distance.Specifically,we use statistical methods to examine the impacts of institutional factors（such as housing reform,affordable housing policy,and urban sprawl） on residents＇ job accessibility.

关 键 词： 职住分离 空间差异性 市场化 单位制度改革 城市空间扩张 北京市

领　　域： [建筑科学]