作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 华南农业大学工程学院南方农业机械与装备关键技术省部共建教育部重点实验室

出　　处： 《农业工程学报》 2011年第1期153-159,共7页

摘　　要： 风送式喷雾机的风机速度影响雾滴的沉积分布及喷幅。以D400型风送式喷雾机为试验平台,用染色剂Rhodamine-B与水混合成1g/L浓度的溶液代替农药进行喷雾试验。改变风机供电电源的频率进行喷雾,借助于荧光分光光度计计算雾滴在采样点上的沉积量。结果表明:喷嘴在喷口处不同高度上的分布在喷筒轴向上形成了3个雾滴沉积高峰区;随着风机供电频率的降低,雾滴沉积的高峰区向喷口处移动,沉积高峰区数目及沉积高峰区之间的间距变小;喷幅试验中(44.5～49.5Hz),距离喷筒轴线±2m以内的采样点上雾滴沉积量占喷幅范围内采样点上雾滴沉积总量的百分比的平均值为97.11%,越偏离这部分区域,雾滴沉积量越小,表明风送式喷雾具有很好的方向性,能防止雾滴漂移,且变频喷雾不会改变这一特性;环境自然风对喷口前方前8m以外的雾滴沉积有明显的影响。在实际喷雾作业时,可根据喷施目标物与风送式喷雾机间的距离,调节合适的供电频率,使雾滴主要沉积在目标区域,减少雾滴在非目标区域的沉积;减小喷头位置在高度层间的差异,可以改善喷雾效果。 The distribution of droplet deposition and spraying swath is affected by the fan speed of air-assisted sprayer. Taking the D400 air-assisted sprayer as the experiment platform,the spraying experiment was carried out by using 1 g/L concentration solution with colorant Rhodamine-B,instead of pesticide. The droplet deposition on sampling points under variable fan frequency was calculated by using the fluorescence spectrophotometer. Test results showed that the three deposition peak areas in axial direction of the spray tube were formed due to variable nozzle locations relative to different height of the spout. Along with fan power supply frequency declined,droplet deposition quantity peak areas shifted towards the spout. Meanwhile,the function of wind power transmission weakened,the number of deposition peak areas and the distances between the adjacent deposition peak areas were becoming small. It was found in spray breadth tests （44.5–49.5 Hz） that deposition quantity on sampling points which were distributed within ±2 m of the tube axis reached up to 97.11% of total deposition quantity in sampling areas. The far away deviated from the axis,the little droplet quantity deposited. The results demonstrate that air-assisted spraying can possess fine directivity and prevent droplet drift,and the features will not change with frequency variation. The droplet deposition beyond 8m of the spout is affected obviously by natural wind. In actual spraying operation,power supply frequency can be regulated,according to the distance between the sprayer and target,to keep the droplet to deposit mostly in the target area and thus increase the utilization of pesticides. The spraying effect can be improved by weakening the height differences between the nozzle positions.

关 键 词： 风送式喷雾机 雾滴沉积 喷幅 变频

领　　域： [农业科学]