作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 广州市园林科学研究所

出　　处： 《中南林业科技大学学报》 2011年第1期47-53,共7页

摘　　要： 以广州市荔湾区城市绿地为起点往东北延伸至从化流溪河自然保护区,建立长100 km、宽10 km的绿地生态梯度样带,采用样方取样分析法研究绿地土壤理化性状。应用主成分分析法和因子分析法比较不同人口密度、不同机动车流量、不同城市化进程区域土壤理化性状指标的差异性。结果表明:随着距市中心距离的增加和人口密度的减少,容重越来越小,自然含水量、最大持水量、毛管持水量越来越大,而随着机动车流量的增大,容重增大,自然含水量、最大持水量、毛管持水量、非毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度变小;距市中心距离越远、机动车流量的减少,酸度越大,有效铜、有效锌、有效钙、总铅、总镉和总铬等含量越小。随人口密度增高,pH值由酸性变成中性或碱性,养分减少,重金属含量增加,有机质、总氮和有效氮含量增加;有效磷含量均值为41.1±55.0 mg/kg,属极丰富(>40.0 mg.kg-1),城区土壤约为郊区的3倍。城市化的人为活动使得土壤碱化、磷丰富化,土壤镉、铅和铬等重金属含量升高而污染化。研究结果可为科学使用和保护城市绿地土壤提供依据。 An ecological greenland zone with 100 km long and 10 km wide from Liwan district of Guangzhou,going northeast and extending to Conghua Stream Natural Reserve was built as an example,by adopting quadrat analysis method to study the soil physical and chemical properties in the zone.The differences of soil physical and chemical properities among with different population density,vehicle flow and urbanization process were studied by employing Principal Components Analysis（PCA） and Factors Analysis（FA）.The results show that： as further from city downtown and less population density,soil bulk density was smaller and smaller,natural water content,maximum water capacity and capillary water capacity were larger and larger;but as the increase of vehicle flow,soil bulk density increased and natural water content,maximum water capacity,capillary water capacity,non-capillary porosity and overall porosity became small.Further from city downtown and less vehicle flow,bigger acidity and lower content of available copper,available zinc,available calcium,total lead and total cadmium decreased.As the increase of population density,pH value changed from acidity to neutral or alkaline,nutrients decreased,content of heavy metals increased and organic materials,total nitrogen and available nitrogen increased.The mean content of available phosphorus in urban soil was 41.1±55.0 mg/kg（40.0 mg·kg-1）,which was extremely rich,about three times of suburban soil.Urbanized human activities made soil become alkaline,richer phosphorous and higher content of heavy metals such as cadmium,lead and chromium,thus leading to soil pollution.The studying results supply a base for scientifically using and managing urban soil.

关 键 词： 城市化进程 距市中心距离 车流量 土壤理化性状 广州

领　　域： [生物学] [生物学]