作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 同济大学土木工程学院土木工程防灾国家重点实验室

出　　处： 《振动与冲击》 2010年第11期165-170,共6页

摘　　要： 建立了3000DWT-50000DWT范围内的四艘代表轮船的碰撞有限元模型,采用LS-DYNA软件计算了船舶在1.0m/s-5.0m/s冲击速度范围内的与刚性墙面的碰撞力时间过程样本。根据对碰撞力时间过程样本曲线的观察和面向工程设计的需要,提出了三种轮船艏部正撞刚性墙面的基本冲击荷载模型,即半波正玄荷载模型、修正的半波正玄荷载模型和分段荷载模型。碰撞时间过程的样本计算表明,碰撞力过程总的持续时间以及碰撞过程的冲量与冲击速度具有很好的简单关系,离散性很小。根据冲量相等的基本原则,提出了冲击荷载模型参数的确定方法,通过对四艘代表船舶计算结果的回归分析,得到了模型参数的统计回归关系。以轮船艏部正撞刚性墙面的基本冲击荷载模型可建立桥梁船撞动力设计方法,以替代目前的桥梁船撞等效静力设计方法。 Finite element models of four typical ships from 3000DWT to 50000DWT were developed,and the time history samples of collision forces between these four ships and a rigid wall,respectively,at a velocity range of 1.0-5.0m/s were acquired.For convenience to bridge design,three basic impact loading models were proposed based on the observations of time history samples of impact forces from FEM simulations.The proposed impact loading models included the sinusoidal model,the modified sinusoidal model,and the multi-phase model.The observations of time history samples of impact forces showed that there is a simply statistical relationship among the impact duration,the impulse and the initial impact velocity,and the statistical deviation is small.The rule of equal-impulse was adopted to determine statistically the model parameters.The proposed impact loading models might be used to develop a dynamic design method for vessel-bridge collisions to replace the current equivalent static design method.

关 键 词： 船舶碰撞 桥梁 冲击荷载

领　　域： [建筑科学] [交通运输工程]