作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 太原理工大学理学院应用力学与生物医学工程研究所

出　　处： 《力学进展》 2010年第5期563-573,共11页

摘　　要： 骨组织在受到应力作用(正常的生理活动)变形后在骨内产生电位的现象称为骨的力–电效应,它主要包括压电效应和动电效应.研究骨在动态过程中产生的电位幅值和分布特点,不仅是了解电刺激骨生长机理的必要步骤,也是实现骨治疗和重建的生理基础.它一方面是用数学方法来描述外力作用下其电位大小与应力、应变、应变率及加载速率的关系,另一方面是考察生理环境(pH值、离子浓度、温度、湿度等)对电位的影响.首先对力–电理论进行了简单的介绍,重点总结了其研究方法,包括理论模型和分离式霍普金生杆冲击、弯曲变形及缓冲液中的动态测试等实验方法.此外,对骨替代材料和牙本质领域的力–电效应研究也进行了一定的综述. Bone’s stress-generated potentials （SGP） refers to the phenomenon that deformed osseous tissue can generated electric potentials caused by stress （normal physiological activities）, in which piezoelectric effect and electrokinetic effect are mainly involved. The study on intraosseous potential amplitude and distribution during the dynamic process is not only a necessary procedure for figuring out the mechanism of electricity stimulating bone growth, but also a physiological basis for achieving bone cure and bone remodeling. On the one hand, bone’s SGP research is using mathematical method to describe its electric potential relationship with stress, strain, strain rate and loading rate, on the other hand, it is the investigation of the effect of physiological environments （pH, ion concentration, temperature, moisture） on electric potential. The paper first presents briefly the theory of SGP with emphasis laid on the summary ofits research methods, including theoretical models and experimental approaches such as split Hopkinson pressure bar attack, dynamic testing in bending and buffer, and then reviews SGP research in bone substitutes and dentin fields.

关 键 词： 骨 力 电效应 压电效应 动电效应 电位 应力 应变

领　　域： [生物学]