作　　者： ; ; ; ; (孙小真）;

机构地区： 广东海洋大学水产学院

出　　处： 《上海海洋大学学报》 2010年第5期588-595,共8页

摘　　要： 以随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)分析为实验手段,结合形态学特征统计,对经过3代壳色及生长速度群体选育的马氏珠母贝(Pinctada martensiiDunker)黑、白、红、黄4种壳色选育系的生长及遗传多样性进行研究,为进一步选育提供理论依据。结果显示:马氏珠母贝4种壳色F3选育系的壳色纯化率分别达到黑壳色95.83%、白壳色88.33%、红壳色100%、黄壳色95.0%;各选育系的生长速度均大于普通养殖群体,系间的生长速度也存在显著差异。4种壳色选育系平均多态性位点比率(P)分别为82.51%,81.93%,75.30%,77.03%;平均Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)分别为0.233 6,0.213 4,0.196 5,0.201 9;平均Shannon信息指数(Hi)分别为0.351 6,0.323 0,0.279 9,0.305 9;各系间的遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.214 3～0.318 6,遗传距离(Dxy)分别为黑白0.113 5,白黄0.130 3,黑黄0.134 9,白红0.154 6,红黄0.158 4,黑红0.196 8;聚类分析表明各选育系间的亲缘关系由近及远顺次为黑壳色、白壳色、黄壳色和红壳色。研究表明4种壳色选育系均具有较高的遗传多样性,选育系间遗传分化明显。研究结果为4种壳色马氏珠母贝的定向选育奠定了理论基础。 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA（RAPD） technique and morphological characters analysis were used to investigate the growth and variation of four consecutively selected lines（black,white,red,yellow shell colors） of Pinctada martensii,with the aim of providing theoretical basis for further selection.The results showed that in four F3 generation of selective lines of P.martensii shell color purification rates were 95.83% for black,88.33% for white,100% for red and 95.0% for yellow shell color respectively.the growth rate of selected lines of the four shell colors were greater than that of the unselected population,there also existed significant difference between the selective lines in terms of growth rate.The polymorphic loci percentages（P） in four lines were 82.51%,81.93%,75.30% and 77.03%,respectively.Nei＇s gene diversity（H） was 0.233 6,0.213 4,0.196 5 and 0.201 9,respectively,and Shannon information indexes（Hi） were 0.351 6,0.323 0,0.279 9,0.305 9,respectively.The genetic differentiation（Gst） between four lines were from 0.214 3 to 0.318 6.The mean genetic distances（Dxy） were 0.113 5 between black and white,0.130 3 between white and yellow,0.134 9 between black and yellow,0.154 6 between white and red,0.158 4 between red and yellow,0.196 8 between black and red,respectively.Cluster analysis showed that the genetic relationships from near to far between four shell color lines were black,white,yellow and red.There existed higher genetic diversity in each selected line.Higher genetic differentiations were present between selected lines.Results of the study can provide theoretical support for the directed selection of four shell color lines of P.martensii.

关 键 词： 马氏珠母贝 壳色选育系 纯化率 生长速度 遗传多样性 随机扩增多态性

领　　域： [农业科学]