作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 广东海洋大学水产学院

出　　处： 《海洋学研究》 2010年第2期67-71,共5页

摘　　要： 星虫动物利用体腔液中的多种细胞完成呼吸、免疫、生殖等功能,部分种类体腔中有一类能依靠纤毛摆动、在体腔液中自由＂游动＂的＂壶状细胞复合体＂（urn cell complex,UCC）。利用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜,观察了裸体方格星虫体液内UCC的形态、结构和细胞组分,结果显示：UCC占体腔液细胞总数的0.1%~0.4%,由位于前端的泡状细胞（vesicular cell）和位于基部能分泌粘液的纤毛细胞（ciliated cell）构成。泡状细胞呈帽状,长径为10~33μm,短径为8~25μm,内有一泡状体占据了细胞绝大部分体积,泡状体内含物均匀,电子密度低;位于细胞膜下有一或两个核,核内具团块状异染色质;细胞器极少。纤毛细胞呈扁平状,核大且位于正中,核仁明显,异染色质少;内质网和高尔基体发达,有大量分泌泡;线粒体丰富;细胞边缘有大量纤毛,具有典型的微管结构。泡状细胞质中仅有少量非网状细胞骨架,细胞形状多变;纤毛细胞骨架结构发达,尤其在纤毛着生区域。在UCC内部发现了多糖成分,泡状细胞主要含有酸性多糖,纤毛细胞则含有中性和酸性混合多糖。经对照实验发现,壶状细胞复合体内不存在碱性磷酸酶（AKP）和酸性磷酸酶（ACP）。实验结果说明,UCC可通过分泌粘液收集体液中的细胞碎片、异体杂质等,但是不具有细胞内消化的能力,其运动的动力由纤毛细胞提供。 Using a variety of cells in the coelomic fluid,sipunculoidea perform functions such as respiration,immunity and reproduction,etc.Among the cells in the coelomic fluid of Sipunculus nudus,there was a kind of urn cell complex（UCC） that could swim freely with cilia.The morphology,structure and components of UCC were studied with both optical and electron microscopes in this experiment.The results are as follows： UCC,which makes up 0.1%~0.4% of total cells in the coelome,is consisted of vesicular cell and mucilaginous ciliated cell that can secrete nucus.The vesicular cell is in the shape of hat,and the vesicular structure inside takes the most volume of the cell.The components in the vesicular structure are uniform and electron density is low.One or two nuclei are under the endosmosis,and heterochromatin is present in the nucleus.There are few organelles in the vesicular cell.The ciliated cell is flat with a large nucleus in the centre,and nucleolus was distinctly observed with few heterochromatin.Endoplasmic reticulum,golgi body and mitochondria are complex in the ciliated cell,with secretory vacuoles in the first two kinds of organelles.Many cilia with micro-tubular structures were found in the margin of the cells.There is a small number of non-net cytoskeletons in the vesicular cell.The shape of the cell is variable.Cytoskeleton structure is complex,especially in the area of cilia.Polysaccharide was found in the UCC,with acidic polysaccharose in the vesicular cell and a mixture of neutro-polysaccharose and acidic polysaccharose in the ciliated cell.Alkaline phosphatase（AKP） or acid phosphatase（ACP） was not found in the UCC,which shows that the debris and impurities in the body fluids could be collected by the secretion of mucus cells of UCC.However,the UCC has no intracellular digestion.The UCC is powered by the ciliated cells.

关 键 词： 裸体方格星虫 壶状细胞复合体 形态 结构 细胞组分

领　　域： [生物学]