作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所

出　　处： 《生态学报》 2010年第11期2981-2991,共11页

摘　　要： 2004年3月(春季)、5月(夏季)、9月(秋季)和12月(冬季)4个航次对大亚湾海域浮游动物进行了调查。共计鉴定浮游动物128个种类,浮游幼体14个类群。浮游动物出现的种类数依次是:夏季(90种),秋季(81种),冬季(71种),春季(47种)。浮游动物的丰度以夏季最高,平均1013.38 ind.m-3;其次是秋季,平均913.30 ind.m-3;春季最低,平均162.37 ind.m-3。浮游动物生物量的季节变化:秋季(773.89 mg.m-3),夏季(472.82 mg.m-3),冬季(286.44 mg.m-3),春季(164.11 mg.m-3),生物量高低与种类组成关系密切,秋季优势类群为水母类和毛颚类等大型浮游动物,所以生物量较高。4个季节的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H′值、物种均匀度指数J值和物种丰富度指数D值的变化趋势十分相似:春季的3项指数值均最低,冬季最高,夏、秋季节相差不大。此外,分析结果表明:毛颚类作为优势种且4个季节均有出现,是对大亚湾海域水体较20a前水温上升的响应;浮游动物近岸生物量高于湾中部;从丰度的平面分布看,大亚湾海域浮游动物栖息环境已经不同程度受到大型建设工程和人类活动的影响。 Four investigations were conducted on the zooplankton in Daya Bay,in March,May,September,and December 2004.A total of 128 zooplankton species and 14 pelagic larvae were identified.Zooplankton appeared in summer（90 species）,autumn（81 species）,winter（71 species）,and spring（47 species）.The abundance of Zooplankton was 1013.38 ind·m^-3（summer）,913.30 ind·m^-3（autumn）,437.86 ind·m^-3（winter）,and 162.37 ind·m^-3（spring）.The seasonal variation of Zooplankton biomass was 773.89 mg·m^-3in autumn,472.82 mg·m^-3 in Summer,286.44 mg·m^-3 in winter,and 164.11 mg·m^-3 in spring.The level of biomass was close to the species composition,the dominant species in the autumn were large zooplankton,such as Jellyfish and Chaetognatha.Therefore,the biomass was high.The trend of the H′,J and D varitation was close for the four investigations.The three indexes were the lowest in the spring,the highest in winter,summer,autumn more or less the same.In addition,results of the analysis showed that Chaetognatha,which was a dominant species,appeared in four seasons,indicating the response to rising water temperature.Zooplankton biomass in the coast was higher than that in the central of the Bay.According to the abundance distribution,the environment of the zooplankton in the Daya Bay had been affected by large-scale construction projects and human activities.

关 键 词： 大亚湾 浮游动物 丰度 生物量 生物多样性

领　　域： [生物学]