作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 西南大学资源环境学院

出　　处： 《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》 2010年第5期88-95,共8页

摘　　要： 2008年冬,三峡水库蓄水至173m.随着蓄水水位的抬升,库区内长江干流北岸最大支流澎溪河回水区流速进一步减慢,水体富营养化发生的可能性相应增加.为探究水位抬升对澎溪河水环境及浮游植物种群结构产生的影响,本研究于2009年春季（3月）、夏季（7月）对该区域五个采样点展开浮游植物种群结构跟踪观测,并运用Margalef（d）丰富度指数法、Shannon-Wiener（H）多样性指数法、Pielou（J）均匀度指数法,进行水体富营养化评价.共检测出浮游植物7门57属100种,硅藻门17属33种、绿藻门24属40种、蓝藻门7属10种、甲藻门2属3种、裸藻门4属10种、黄藻门2属2种、隐藻门1属2种;硅藻和绿藻是该区域的优势种;其中春季藻类优势种群为硅藻-绿藻型,绝对优势种为硅藻;夏季藻类优势种群为绿藻-硅藻-蓝藻型,绝对优势种群为绿藻.高阳采样点春季发生铁锈红＂水华＂,藻类密度高达103.6×105cell/L.各监测断面的d、H、J值分别为：春季0.68-1.70、0.99-1.44、0.228-0.345,夏季1.0-1.91、1.24-2.10、0.30-0.49,综合得出澎溪河回水区春季属于中度-重度富营养化,夏季属于中度富营养化,夏季水质优于春季. The water level of the Three Gorges Reservoir（TGR）reached 173 m in winter of 2008.With the rise of water level of the reservoir,the flowing velocity of water slowed down and the possibility of eutrophication increased responding to the higher and larger backwater area of the Pengxi River,the largest tributary of TGR on its north shore.To understand the effect of TGR on water quality and algal community in the Pengxi River,water samples were collected at five sites along the river in spring（March）and summer（July）of 2009,and phytoplankton community structure was monitored and evaluated with Margalef（d）,Shannon-Wiener（H）,and Pielou（J）methods.A total of 100 phytoplankton species belonging to 7 phyla and 57 genera were detected,including 33 Bacillariophyta species of 17 genera,40 Chlorophyta species of 24 genera,10 Cyanophyta species of 7 genera,3 Dinoflagellat species of 2 genera,10 Euglenophyta species of 4 genera,2 Xanthophyta species of 2 genera and 2 Cryptophyta species of 1 genus,indicating that Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta were the dominant populations in the region.In spring,phytoplankton was dominated by diatom algae-green algae,within which diatom was more than the latter.In summer,phytoplankton showed type of diatoms-blue-green algae,with more green algae.In spring of 2009,rust red ＂spray＂ occurred at Gaoyang site in the slowest water velocity part,and algal density was as high as 103.6×10^5 cell·L^-1.The values of the monitoring sections calculated by d,H and J were 0.68-1.70,0.99-1.44 and 0.228-0.345 in spring and 1.0-1.91,1.24-2.10 and 0.30-0.49 in summer,respectively.In conclusion,water environment in backwater area of the Pengxi River was in moderate-severe eutrophication in spring and in moderate degree of eutrophication in summer,and water quality in summer was better than in spring.

关 键 词： 三峡水库 澎溪河 浮游植物 藻类区系分布 水体富营养化

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]