作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 中山大学生命科学学院有害生物控制与资源利用国家重点实验室

出　　处： 《草地学报》 2010年第2期263-267,共5页

摘　　要： 调查三点金(Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC.)野生居群在华南地区的分布,并研究其分布区气候及土壤、生境类型、群落组成及其形态学变异。结果表明:三点金分布在低海拔、靠近沿海的热带亚热带地区酸性土壤中,对养分要求不严,其主要生境是路边草地、人工草坪和河边草地等。伴生群落可分为两类:在南部地区,主要以地毯草(Axonopus compressus (Swartz) Beauv.)和狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pars.)为主;而在北部地区则以草坪类的台湾草(Zoysia tenuifolia Willd. ex Trin.)为主。12个野生居群的三点金植株形态差异较小,但各测量指标在12居群中均有显著差异。其中植株高度和叶柄的长度变异系数最大,分别为14.35%和15.49%。对三点金居群进行聚类分析发现,12个三点金居群可以分为东部、中部,西部三组,其形态在经度上有区域性特点。 Desmodium triflorum（L.） DC.was a kind of fine ground cover plant and its physiological ecology has been widely studied,but the approach of its distribution and morphological variation was still not available.The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution and morphological variation of D.triflorum germplasms in South China.Morphological and biological attributes of 12 D.triflorum populations were studied in both tropical and subtropical regions across South China.The results show D.triflorum was mainly distributed over both tropic and subtopic regions with acidic soil at low altitude near to the sea and had no strict requirement on soil nutrients.The habitats of wild species under natural conditions were generally roadsides,lawns and riversides.Plant compositions accompanying wild populations can be separated into two kinds.One was mainly constituted by Axonopusco mpresses（Swartz） Beauv.and Cynodon dactylon（L.） Pars.in the southern areas,the other was by Zoysia tenuifolia Willd.ex Trin.in the northern areas.The variation in the morphological attributes of D.triflorum across 12 populations was not very large,but there was significant difference for a given index among the tested populations.Variation coefficients of petiole length and plant height were largest and reached to 15.49% and 14.35%,respectively.According to the clustering analysis,the studied 12 populations were classified into east,middle and west groups with regional characteristics on the longitude direction and the morphological index values of east group were the least among the three groups.

关 键 词： 三点金 分布 生境 形态学变异

领　　域： [农业科学]