作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 新疆大学资源与环境科学学院绿洲生态教育部重点实验室

出　　处： 《生态学报》 2010年第10期2695-2705,共11页

摘　　要： 土壤中水溶性盐的分析,是发展研究盐渍土盐分动态监测与预报技术的重要基础工作。针对目前干旱半干旱区广泛存在的绿洲土壤次生盐渍化问题,基于GIS和地统计学方法,研究了渭干河—库车河流域三角洲绿洲盐渍化土壤特征(土壤含盐量)的空间变异性。研究结果表明:渭-库绿洲土壤含盐量的空间变异性为中等变异,且随土壤深度增加而减弱。各层土壤的合理采样数为在95%置信水平,20%误差下的合理采样数目。高斯模型能够较好的拟合>10-30cm及>30-50cm层土壤含盐量的空间结构。各层土壤盐分空间变异性受到结构性与随机性因素共同作用的影响,呈强空间相关性。套合结构模型考虑到0-10cm层土壤盐分空间变异的尺度依赖性,能够更好的拟合0-10cm层土壤含盐量的空间结构。Kriging插值以及空间等值线分布趋势图能够直观的表现研究区内土壤盐分含量的空间分布状况和变化情况。研究为土壤特征变量空间变异分析与评价提供了普适性较强的实现方法,为构建盐渍土定量动态监测模型以及盐渍土的改良利用提供一定的科学依据。 Observation of soil salt content plays an important foundation role in enhancing the research of monitoring and prediction for soil salinity. In order to study the problem of soil salinity in the oases of arid regions,we use traditional statistics and geostatistics combined with the geographical information system（GIS） technology to investigate the spatial variability and spatial distribution of soil salt content in the delta of the Weigan and Kuqa rivers. The results show that the soil salt content in three successive layers in this oasis exhibit moderate spatial variation,and the degree of this variation decreases as soil depth increases. Both the structure and the stochastic factors are of important influence for the spatial variation,and have a strong spatial autocorrelation. The rational sampling quantity of three layers should be at 0.05 level with a 20% relative error. Gaussian models were fitted for semi-variance of 10-30cm and 30-50cm layers. Considering the compound scale effect of spatial variation,the nested spherical models were fitted for semi-variance of topsoil. The kriging model and the isogram maps accurately demonstrate the spatial distribution and the variation tendency. These research results have provided a reference for the survey and quality evaluation of soil salt content and can be used as a guide for meliorating and utilizing the soil salinity.

关 键 词： 渭干河 库车河流域三角洲绿洲 空间变异性 插值 合理采样数 套合结构模型

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]