作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 成都理工大学信息工程与地球物理系

出　　处： 《石油地球物理勘探》 1998年第5期583-590,共8页

摘　　要： 本文首先把声波方程分解为两个分别适用于做正演和偏移的单向旁轴方程，然后用适合于做正演的单向方程来合成共炮记录。通过公式推导，提出合成共炮记录的时间一致性原理和两个过程──正过程和逆过程，即对于简单的水平各向同性层状介质，仅用正过程就能精确地合成共地记录；而对于复杂介质，则需借鉴射线法两点问题和波动方程共炮记录叠前深度偏移原理，给定炮点和检波点，在时间一致性原理的基础上，应用道过程方法，以单向声波方程分别正向延拓震源波场和反向延拓检波器波场，然后按记录适合成共炮记录。并且，还能将其演变为共炮记录叠前深度偏移法、零偏移距正演模拟法以及叠后深度偏移法。数值仿真试验结果表明，本文提出的各种方法均达到了预期的效果。 In the first place, full acoustic--wave equation is decomposed into two one--wayside axis equations which are respectively applied to forward modeling and migration. Then, common--shot seismograms will be synthesized with the use of one--wayequation applicable to forward modeling. By formula deducing, we put forward thetime consistent principle and two processes (positive and inverse processes) for synthesizing common-shot seismograms. In the case of horizontal isotropic layeredmedium. common--shot seismograms can be Dreciselv synthesized only with the use of the positive process. In the case of complicated medium, the common--shot seismograms may be synthesized by offering shot point and receiver point with the useof ray two--point problem and wave equation prestack depth migration principle ofcommon--shot seismogram, then by adopting the inverse process, on the basis oftime consistent principle, to achieve respectively the forward continuation of sourcewave field and the inverse continuation of receiver wave field with the aid of oneway acoustic wave equation. The method may be evolved Into prestack depth migration, zero--offset forward modeling and post--stack depth migration of commonshot seismograms.The results of numerical simulation test show that all methods in the paperhave brought the expected effect.

关 键 词： 正演模拟 共炮记录 波动方程 地震记录 地震勘探

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