作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 上海市园林科学研究所

出　　处： 《昆虫学报》 2010年第2期226-232,共7页

摘　　要： 红棕象甲Rhynchophorus ferrugineus(Olivier)是我国危害棕榈科植物的重要入侵害虫,为探明其越冬抗寒性,利用过冷却点测定仪测定了红棕象甲上海种群不同虫态的过冷却点,在低温箱内测定了该虫不同虫态的耐寒性,然后结合田间越冬模拟试验、气象资料和寄主分布情况,初步确定了红棕象甲在我国的越冬北界。结果表明:红棕象甲过冷却点随虫态的发育程度的升高而下降,卵、1龄幼虫、5龄幼虫、9龄幼虫和成虫的平均过冷却点分别为-5.92,-6.42,-7.19,-7.43和-11.84℃,过冷却点由高到低的顺序依次为:卵>幼虫>成虫。在6,24,48和72h4个时间处理下,各虫态在低温与存活率之间呈显著或极显著的logistic回归,半致死温度(Ltemp50)均随处理时间的延长而上升,不同虫态在处理72h后,卵、1龄幼虫、5龄幼虫、9龄幼虫和成虫之间的Ltemp50分别为1.61,-1.67,-2.39,-2.40和-0.40℃,各虫态耐寒性由弱到强的顺序依次为:卵<成虫<幼虫。红棕象甲不同发育阶段的过冷却点与其耐寒性并不完全相关,幼虫和成虫均可能是该虫的越冬虫态。连续两年的田间模拟越冬试验表明,在上海地区,红棕象甲的幼虫和成虫的越冬存活率均在60%以上,说明红棕象甲在上海地区是可以越冬的。根据这些结果,结合寄主分布情况,初步将红棕象甲在我国的越冬北界定于北纬35°附近,即1月份0℃等温线左右。 The invasive red palm weevil （RPW）, Rhynchophorusferrugineus （Olivier） Asia, is becoming a serious invasive pest of palms in China. In order to understand , native to Southern how well the RPW survives under cold temperature, with materials from fields in Shanghai we determined the supercooling points （SCPs） with supercooling point chamber at low temperatures, simulated determinator and the degree of cold hardiness in environmental field overwintering test in Shanghai, and analyzed the north limit for overwintering of RPW. The results indicated that SCPs of the RPW were significantly decreased as the developmental stages increased. Adults had the lowest SCPs, followed by 9th, 5th and 1 st instar larvae and eggs in an increasing order. The viability of various developmental stages in the RPW was measured in 6, 24, 48 and 72 h, and the relationship between the survival rate and low temperature could be fitted with logistic model significantly or extremely significantly. Ltemp50 （ the temperature that results in 50% mortality of the experimental population） was increased as time prolonged at all stages of the RPW. At 72 h after treatment, Ltemp50 values of eggs, 1 st instar larvae, 5th instar larvae, 9th instar larvae and adults were 1. 61,-1.67, -2.39, -2.40 and -0.40℃, respectively. This result showed that the larvae had the highest cold hardiness, followed by adults and eggs in order. The above data indicated that the correlation between the cold hardiness and SCPs was not uniformly positive. Thus, we speculated that either adult or larva could be possible stage of overwintering for the RPW. The field overwintering test also showed that survival rates of both larvae and adults were above 60% in continuous two years （2007 and 2008 ）, suggesting that the RPW could overwinter in the field in Shanghai. Based on the results obtained and distribution of the hosts of the RPW, we tentatively inferred that the northern limit for overwintering of the RPW is proximate to 35°N or where the average low

关 键 词： 红棕象甲 过冷却点 耐寒性 越冬 棕榈科植物

领　　域： [生物学]