作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 华南师范大学教育科学学院心理应用研究中心

出　　处： 《华南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》 2010年第1期47-54,共8页

摘　　要： 统计在心理学界屡遭误解。一方面,经常有应用工作者误用统计方法或者错误解读统计结果;另一方面,学术期刊上不时有人对统计方法本身提出质疑和错误的批评。对于误用,不是很难识别,但即使受过良好统计训练的人,对于错批都难以察觉,导致以讹传讹。本文从条件概率例子谈起,说明概率和统计是很容易出错的;然后讨论零假设显著性检验是如何被误用和错批的;最后根据心理测量发展的几个里程碑,说明统计是测量的基础。本文认为,需要使用统计的心理学工作者,应当系统学习概率统计知识。 Statistics is misunderstood from time to time by psychology researchers. On the one hand,some researchers misuse statistical approaches or misinterpret statistical results. On the other hand,some psychologists criticize and challenge statistical approaches without sound justifications. The former type of misunderstanding can be easily identified,while the latter is often unnoticed and leads to further false report. Starting with examples of conditional probability,we demonstrated that misunderstandings in probability and statistics were common. Then we discussed the issue of ungrounded criticism of the null hypothesis significance testing. Finally,we highlighted the significance of statistics as the foundation of psychometrics with reference to several milestones in the development of psychometrics. We suggested that psychologists who need to apply statistics to their researches should receive systematic training in probability and statistics.

关 键 词： 统计 条件概率 显著性检验 测量

领　　域： [哲学宗教] [哲学宗教]