作　　者： ; (李昀）;

机构地区： 甘肃省草原生态研究所

出　　处： 《中国草地》 1998年第6期7-11,20,共6页

摘　　要： 在连续３年的定位研究中：（１）对以芦苇＋海韭菜为主要的草地进行施肥、划破草皮和刈割等培育措施。结果表明，施肥可提高草地质量，当施Ｎ量不超过３００ｋｇ／ｈｍ２时，草地产量随施Ｎ量的增加而增加；最佳的刈割时间为秋季；采用的划破草皮的方法对草地质量无显著的影响。（２）在芦苇＋赖草为主的草地中，研究了３个不同的灌溉频率处理对草地植被和土壤水盐含量的影响。草地土壤含盐量随灌溉次数的增加而降低；连续灌溉第３年时，草地产量随灌溉次数的增加而增加，年灌溉１次、２次、３次的草地产量分别为１４１ｇ／ｍ２、１７８ｇ／ｍ２和２１１ｇ／ｍ２，年灌溉３次使某些一年生盐生植物如盐角草的数量有所增加，表明灌水在造成土壤水盐含量变化的同时进一步引起了植被的演替变化。 Two studies were conducted over a 3-year period (1992～1994) on two different associations: (1) Three improving measures were arranged in orthogonal arrays, N was applied at 35.25, 105.75, 141kg/hm 2. Yr., cutting dates were one in Sept.; two in June/Sept. or no cutting, and sods were aerated at 0, 50, 100cm apart on reed (Phragmite communis)+seaside arrowgrass (Triglochin maritimum) association. The results indicated that forage yield increased with increase of N-application rate. The best cutting date was in fall. Sod-aeration had no significant effect on forage yield. Forage yield and quality would be improved by fertilizing and over sowing. (2) In reed+Leymus dasystachys association, 3 irrigation frequencies were used to examine the response of forage yield, soil salt dynamic. and vegetation change with irrigation frequency: irrigated 1 time (in Oct.), 2 times (in May and Oct.), 3 times (in May, June and Oct.). The results showed that the soil salt content declined with the increase of irrigation frequencies. Forage yield increased significantly with increase of irrigation frequency in the third year after treatment was initiated. The forage yields were 141, 178, 211g/m 2, respectively, by irrigating once, twice and three times. The quantities of some annual halophyte species such as crabgrass (Salicornia europaea) by irrigating 3 times appeared higher than that of by irrigating once per year. This result indicated that multiple-irrigation on this association would cause soil salt and moisture content changing and further lead to vegetation succession.

关 键 词： 施 肥 盐化草地 划破草地 灌溉

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学] [农业科学]