作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院

出　　处： 《环境科学》 2009年第12期3684-3690,共7页

摘　　要： 以菲为多环芳烃（PAHs）代表物,采用植物土培和室内培养、分析试验探讨了菲污染土壤小麦/苜蓿套作修复过程中土壤酶活性的动态变化.结果表明,种植植物提高了菲污染土壤蔗糖酶、多酚氧化酶、脲酶和磷酸酯酶的活性,酶活性升高幅度为14.72%-46.52%;却抑制了土壤过氧化氢酶的活性,抑制率为36.13%-94.79%.蔗糖酶和多酚氧化酶活性在第14 d,脲酶和磷酸酯酶活性在第21 d达到最大值;而过氧化氢酶活性在第7 d达到最小值;过氧化氢酶活性达到极值所需时间短,其对菲相对敏感,过氧化氢酶可作为关键酶,用于评价土壤PAHs污染状况.小麦/苜蓿套作土壤蔗糖酶活性、多酚氧化酶活性明显高于单作处理.过氧化氢酶与蔗糖酶（r=-0.482）、多酚氧化酶（r=-0.599）、脲酶（r=-0.329）和磷酸酯酶（r=-0.297）之间呈负相关关系;而蔗糖酶、多酚氧化酶、脲酶和磷酸酯酶之间则呈正相关关系.因此,酶活性可用作PAHs污染土壤修复的评价指标;修复实践中勿需对所有酶活性进行监测,只需监测关键酶即可. The dynamic changes of soil enzymatic activities during remediation of phenanthrene contaminated soil with clover or clover and wheat were investigated with pot experiments. Clover and wheat increased the activities of soil suerase, polyphenol oxidase, urease and phosphatase with an increase rate in the range of 14.72%-46.52%, but inhibited the catalase activity with an inhibition rate in the range of 36.13%- 94.79% . Suerase and polyphenol oxidase reached the maximum activity values at the 14^th day, and urease and phosphatase at the 21^th day. Catalase got to the minimum activity value at the 7^th day. In the light of these, catalase was relatively more sensitive to phenanthrene than the other enzymes, and could be employed as a key indicator to evaluate the risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated soil during remedying. Sucrase and polyphenol oxidase activities in wheat and clover intercropping system were significantly higher than in wheat or clover single-cropping system. Furthermore, there was a good negative correlation between eatalase and suerase （r = - 0.482）, and polyphenol oxidase（ r = - 0.599）, and urease（ r = - 0.329）, and phosphatase（ r = - 0.297）. Nonetheless, a good positive correlation existed among sucrase, polyphenol oxidase, urease and phosphatase. It is concluded that in the process of phytoremediation, soil enzymes can be employed as indicators for soil quality, it is not necessary to monitor each enzymatic activity, but to the activity of a key enzyme.

关 键 词： 多环芳烃 菲 土壤酶活性 小麦 苜蓿 套作

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]