作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 广西水产研究所

出　　处： 《中国水产科学》 2009年第6期878-890,共13页

摘　　要： 对菲牛蛭(Hirudinaria manillensis Lesson,1842)暴发性细菌性疾病的流行情况、临床症状、病原菌形态、生理生化特性、药物敏感性、病蛭的组织切片显微病理观察,病原16S rRNA基因分子鉴定以及4种中草药物对该病的治疗效果进行综合研究。结果表明,病原菌为嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)和奇异变形杆菌(Protues mirabilis)。该病可由这2种菌单独或共同引发。2种菌的人工感染和再感染重复性好、致病性强,发病死亡率均超过80%。药物敏感试验表明,2株病原菌均对氨曲南、庆大霉素、新霉素和环丙沙星敏感,而用板蓝根和陈皮药浴治疗病蛭效果较好,治愈率可达80%。组织病理观察表明,患病部皮肤表皮角质层溃烂、脱落,肌肉发生溃疡、腐烂,肌纤维断裂、溶解、坏死,唾液腺排列混乱,部分出现断裂。上述结果表明这2种病原菌对菲牛蛭均具有较强的致病性。 This study aimed to investigate bacterial pathogen of leech,Hirudinaria manillensis（L.）including the condition of episode,clinical symptoms,morphological feature of bacteria,physiological and biochemical characteristics and drug sensitive test.The experimental materials were selected from the leech farmed in Guangzhou Ansheng Pharmic Biology Development Co.Ltd.In addition,histopathological analysis was conducted,and the molecular identification was employed to study representative strains.Finally,four kind Chinese herb drugs treatment trial was designed to screen an effective and safe control method.The results showed that the disease was infected by Aeromonas hydrophila and/or Protues mirabilis,which showed high repeatability with artificial infection and reinfection,high pathogenicity and could lead to 80%of mortality.The two pathogens were sensitive to neomycin,gentamicin,ciprofloxacin and aztreonam,and the Radix Isatidis and Cortex Fraxini were the most effective medications,which could achieve 80%of curative ratio.The result of histopathological analysis showed that the histological changes occurred mainly in skin,muscle and salivary gland of ill leech,which epidermal stratum corneum of skin ulcerated and fell off,muscle became ulcerated and rotted,muscle fibers were ruptured and lytic necrosis,and salivary glands ranged confusedly and appeared rupture partly.All of above indicated that the two kind pathogens had high virulence.

关 键 词： 菲牛蛭 奇异变形杆菌 嗜水气单胞菌 组织学

领　　域： [生物学]