作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 北京工业大学建筑工程学院工程抗震与结构诊治北京市重点实验室

出　　处： 《文物保护与考古科学》 2009年第3期1-7,共7页

摘　　要： 为保护壁画文物,以四川省广元市剑阁县大雄宝殿为例,对汶川地震作用下殿内壁画的震害进行了研究。根据震后勘查结果,讨论了大雄宝殿壁画的典型震害症状,分析了古建筑侧脚构造对壁画抗震的有利影响。根据大雄宝殿壁画加固工艺作法及古建筑榫卯连接特点,建立了大雄宝殿的震前有限元模型。为研究汶川地震作用下壁画的震害特征,首先对其进行了模态分析,然后将模拟汶川地震波进行调幅,然后作用于大雄宝殿进行地震反应分析。通过采用时程分析法,获得了地震作用下不同时刻壁画整体的内力与变形响应峰值,并获得了典型节点的地震响应曲线。结果表明:大雄宝殿壁画开裂与空鼓的主要原因是面层与墙体粘结不牢导致的受拉破坏;地震作用下壁画保持稳定的振动状态;为提高壁画的抗震性能,壁画木框与外墙板间应加强连接,并在空隙处填塞隔震材料,同时应加强壁画本身保养工作。 In order to protect the murals in Daxiong Palace in Jiange County,Sichuan Province,damage caused by the Wenchuan earthquake was analyzed. Base on survey results made after earthquake, typical damage characteristics of the murals were discussed. The results demonstrate that the Cejiao constitution concepts used in Chinese ancient buildings has helped to resist earthquakes. Considering the mural strengthening techniques as well as the characteristic mortise - and tenon joints typical of Chinese ancient buildings, a finite model of Daxiong Palace was built. In order to simulate damages to the mural paintings under the Wenchuan earthquake conditions,modal analysis was done and then the Wenchuan waves were amplified and imposed on the model. By doing dynamic analysis, peak values for displacements as well as inner forces of the structure under simulated Wenchuan earthquake conditions were obtained. Response curves for selected typical nodes were obtained. Results show that main cause of damages to the murals occurred because they were not fixed tightly to the base layer of the wall, which led to tensile strength failure. Under Wenchuan earthquake condition,the murals kept vibrating constantly;In order to enhance aseismic capability of the murals,isolation materials have to be filled between the wooden frames and the outer wall plates. Connection between wall and wooden frames has to be strengthened. Daily maintenance of the murals is also a very important factor.

关 键 词： 震害 壁画文物 汶川地震 时程分析 抗震加固

领　　域： [建筑科学]