作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 北京师范大学心理学院发展心理研究所

出　　处： 《中国心理卫生杂志》 2009年第8期599-602,608,共5页

摘　　要： 目的:以群体成员资格可以改变的流动儿童为对象,探讨其歧视归因倾向及对积极和消极情感的影响。方法:采用整班联系、自愿参加的方式,从北京市4所公立学校和4所打工子弟学校选取1298名流动儿童及287名城市儿童,采用歧视归因倾向测验、积极/消极情感量表和个人控制感量表进行测查。结果:(1)流动儿童的歧视归因得分高于城市儿童[(2.57±0.98)vs.(2.44±1.03),P<0.01];流动儿童的歧视归因得分高于其努力归因、运气归因和其他归因得分[(2.57±0.98)vs.(2.17±0.69),(1.60±0.62)vs.(2.01±0.64),均P<0.05];公立学校流动儿童的歧视归因得分高于打工学校的流动儿童[(2.72±1.02)vs.(2.51±0.97),P<0.01],初中流动儿童的歧视归因得分高于小学流动儿童[五年级(2.44±1.00),六年级(2.46±1.03);初一(2.77±0.92),初二(2.69±0.92),均P<0.01];中、长期流动儿童的歧视归因得分高于短期流动儿童[(2.67±0.96),(2.64±0.99)vs.(2.47±0.98),P<0.01]。(2)在短期流动儿童中,歧视归因主要通过个人控制感的中介间接地影响消极情感,中介效应为0.07。结论:流动儿童具有较高的歧视归因倾向,要注意歧视归因倾向对短期流动儿童的影响。 Objective： To examine the characteristics of attributions to discrimination and its effect on positive and negative affect among Chinese migrant children. Methods： On the principle of voluntary participation, 1298 migrant children from 4 public schools and 4 private schools in Beijing were investigated with the inventory of attributions to discrimination, positive and negative affects scale and perceived control scale. Result： （ 1 ） Migrant children＇s attribution to discrimination was higher than that of urban children [ （2. 57±0. 98 ） vs. （2. 44 ± 1.03 ）, p 〈 0. 01 ] . Compared with effort, luck and other reasons, migrant children more frequently attributed the negative outcomes to the rural registered resident [ （2. 57±0. 98） vs. （2. 17 ±0. 69）, （ 1.60±0. 62） and （2. 01 ±0. 64）, Ps 〈0.05 ] . Migrant children from public school more frequently attributed the negative outcomes to discrimination compared to those from special schools for migrant children [ （ 2. 72 ±1.02 ） vs. （ 2. 51 ± 0. 97 ）, P 〈 0. 01 ] . Migrant children from junior high school more frequently attributed the negative outcomes to discrimination compared to those from primary schools [ grade 5 ： （ 2. 44 ± 1.00 ）, grade 6： （ 2.46± 1.03 ）, vs. junior 1 ： （ 2. 77 ± 0. 92 ） and junior 2 ： （ 2.69 ± 0. 92 ） ; Ps 〈 0. 01 ] . Long-term and mid-term migrant children were more likely to make an attribution to discrimination than short-term ones [ （ 2.67± 0. 96 ） and （ 2.64 ± 0. 99 ） vs. （2.47 ± 0. 98 ）, Ps 〈0. 01 ] . （2） Attrbutions to discrimination mainly had the significant indirect effect on negative via the mediation effect of perceived control among short-term migrant children （ indirect β = 0. 07 ） . Conclusions： Migrant children more frequently attribute the negative outcomes to discrimination. More attention should be paid to the negative effect of attributions to discrimination of short-term migrant children.

关 键 词： 流动儿童 歧视归因倾向 积极和消极情感 个人控制感 横断面研究

领　　域： [哲学宗教] [哲学宗教]