作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 华南农业大学农学院热带亚热带生态研究所

出　　处： 《应用生态学报》 2009年第7期1630-1634,共5页

摘　　要： 对我国生态学专业建设与人才培养存在的问题进行了分析,认为当前存在几方面问题:生态学科和生态学新专业快速发展与师资力量相对薄弱之间的矛盾、课程设置和教学内容的"泛与专、深与浅"之间的矛盾、生态学教学的"软"与生态环境建设的"硬"之间的矛盾,以及社会对生态学人才的现实需求与实际供给之间的矛盾.提出了相关的改革思路与对策:制定生态学专业相关的发展建设规划,适度调整招生规模;实现教学内容与教学方式"从课堂到田间"、"从软到硬"的转变;发展与推行参与性、互动式、研究型和创新型等多元化教学方法;加大生态学专业本科教学质量工程以及教学资源库建设力度,实现资源共享;建立生态学"T"型人才培养模式.最后,针对生态学毕业生的就业问题,提出了一系列以就业为导向的生态学专业人才培养方向. This paper analyzed the present status of ecology specialty construction and personnel training in China. It was considered that there existed some problems to be solved, e.g. , the contradiction between the rapid development of new subjects in ecology and the relative weakness in personnel qualified to teach, the unbalance between the extensive and intensive, and the deep and shallow teaching programs for the students in ecology, the conflict between the ＂soft＂ （theoretical） ecologcal education and the ＂hard＂ （technical） ecological construction, and the contradiction between the limited demands and the relative surplus supply of undergraduate students in ecology. Based on these analyses, a series of suggestions and countermeasures for the innovation of the teaching styles and training directions in ecological specialties were put forward, including 1 ） to formulate a development and construction plan of ecology specialty and to appropriately regulate the enrollment of undergraduate students, 2） to achieve the changes in current teaching styles from classroom to field and from ＂soft＂ theoretical teaching to ＂hard＂ technical training, 3 ） to develop and implement a variety of diversified teaching methods, such as participative, interactive, researchbased, and innovative teaching for undergraduate students, 4） to enhance the undergraduate educational quality and teaching resource bank construction and to achieve teaching resource sharing, and 5 ） to establish ＂T-type＂ personnel training system in ecology. Some employment-oriented personnel training directions in ecology specialty were also presented.

关 键 词： 生态学专业 教学改革 人才培养 型人才

领　　域： [文化科学] [文化科学]