作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 中山大学环境科学与工程学院

出　　处： 《农业环境科学学报》 2009年第6期1106-1114,共9页

摘　　要： 通过盆栽土培试验研究了玉米幼苗生长期间对芘污染土壤微生物活性及多样性的影响。结果表明,玉米加快了土壤中芘的降解,提高了芘在土壤中的降解速率。试验期间,根际土中可提取态芘含量显著低于非根际土,根际土微生物生物量碳、微生物熵、多酚氧化酶和脱氢酶活性均高于非根际土,代谢熵低于非根际土。脂肪酸(FAME)分析结果表明,与非根际土相比,芘污染玉米根际土微生物群落结构发生了显著的变化,主要表现在真菌特征脂肪酸以及真菌/细菌的比值显著升高,细菌和GN-细菌特征脂肪酸显著降低,且这种效应随着培养时间的推移在P<0.01水平显著。根际土和非根际土中丛枝菌根真菌、GN+细菌和放线菌特征脂肪酸差异随着培养时间的延长逐渐加大,45d时其差异均在P<0.05水平显著。 A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to study the influence of young maize （Z. mays L. ） on soil microbial activity and community structure diversity in a pyrene contaminated soil. Results showed that maize could promote pyrene degradation and increase degradation rate of pyrene in the soil. During the experimental period, the concentration of extractable pyrene in rhizosphere soil was significantly lower than that in nonrhizosphere soil. A relatively large amount of microbial biomass biomass carbon （Cmic）, high ratio of microbial biomass carbon/organic carbon（Cmic/Corg）, and high activities of enzymes （dehydrogenase and polyphenol oxidase ） were detected in rhizospheric soil. But metabolic quotient was lower in rhizospheric soil than in nonrhizospheric soil at the whole experimental period. Soil microbial communities in rhizospheric soil and nonrhizospheric soil were characterized using fatty acid methyl ester（FAME ） analysis. Fatty acid profiles demonstrated that soil microbial community structure was significantly altered in pyrene contaminated soil with maize. Fatty acid indicators for fungi and the ratio of fungi to bacteria significantly increased, and fatty acid indicators for bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria significantly decreased. The effect gradually increased and became significant （P〈0.01） with time extending. The differences of fatty acid indicators for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（AMF）, Gram-positive bacteria and actinomycetes gradually increased, and the differences reached significant level（P〈0.05 ） at the end of the experiment （45 d）.

关 键 词： 芘 微生物活性 微生物群落结构 脂肪酸 玉米

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]