作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 华中师范大学心理学院

出　　处： 《应用心理学》 2008年第3期269-275,281,共8页

摘　　要： 锚定效应是普遍存在的一种现象,它是指在不确定状态判断过程中,人们会以最初的信息作为参照点来调整对事件的估计,这往往会导致得出错误的判断。本文首先阐述了锚定效应的相关概念及经典研究范式,后者包括语意启动范式、数值启动范式、自发锚与外部锚启动范式等。然后对锚定效应的不充分调整启发模型、锚定调整模型、选择通达模型、双加工模型以及神经心理模型等进行了深入的探讨,并总结了锚定效应在经济管理等领域中的应用。最后指出了锚定效应的研究局限及未来的研究发展方向。 Anchoring effects refers to a phenomenon that when people are in an uncertain decision making situation, they will generally take the initial information as a reference to adjust the estimate for the incident, which often leads to a wrong judgment. This paper first introduces the concepts and classic research paradigm of anchoring effects：Semantic priming paradigm, numerical priming paradigm, self-generated anchors and experimenter-provided anchors priming paradigm, then discusses theoretical models of anchoring effects： Insufficient adjustment heuristic model, anchoring-and-adjustment model, selective accessibility model, dual process model and cognitive neuropsychological model. Moreover, its applied research in economic management areas is presented and the directions for future study on anchoring effects are suggested.

关 键 词： 锚定效应 锚定调整模型 选择通达模型 双加工模型

领　　域： [哲学宗教] [哲学宗教] [经济管理] [社会学]