作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 广东省农业科学院

出　　处： 《分子植物育种》 2009年第3期624-628,共5页

摘　　要： 针对冬瓜(Benincasa hispida(Thunb.)Cogn.)缺乏抗性种质资源的现状,本文开展了冬瓜抗枯萎病种质资源创新研究。采用花粉管通道法将高抗枯萎病的黒籽南瓜DNA导入优质冬瓜材料,以外源DNA剂量、pH值、注入时间、注入方法以及冬瓜品种为因素,通过正交设计,设计处理组合,筛选和优化外源DNA导入冬瓜条件。结果表明:以子房注射法、授粉后24h、导入浓度为1.2mg/mLDNA溶液(pH7.5)的处理,对冬瓜坐果率的影响最小。利用此方法将高抗冬瓜枯萎病的黑籽南瓜总DNA导入冬瓜,经病圃田间筛选和6代自交纯化已获得2份稳定的冬瓜新材料。经苗期人工接种和病圃田间自然抗病鉴定,其抗病性明显提高。所获抗病材料的品质与受体无明显差异。其中1份抗枯萎病材料已运用于育种实践,培育出了抗病、优质粉皮冬瓜"广利1号",目前该品种每年推广面积700hm2以上。 Because there is no germplasm with resistance to Fusarium wilt in winter gourd, the DNA of Cucurbita ficifolia highly resistant to this disease was introduced into a winter gourd cultivar with good agronomic characters through pollen-tube pathway for the improvement of winter gourd germplasm. The effects of the dose/concentration of DNA, pH value, injection timing, and injection methods on the ratio of fruit setting were studied using the orthogonal design. The results showed that the ratio of fruit setting was least affected when exogenous DNA was injected into the ovary at the concentration of 1.2 mg/mL （pH 7.5） in 24 h after self-pollination. And by the same method, two new germplasms with resistance to Fusariurn oxysporum sp. Benincasae was obtained by exogenous Cucurbita ficifolia DNA introduction after six generation self-pollination in field. Inherited the good agronomic characters from winter gourd receptor and resistance from Cucurbita ficifolia, these two gerplasms was found to be significantly improved by artificial inoculation in seedling stage and natural disease resistance identified in field. A new cultivar -- ＂Guangli No. 1 ＂, was bred from one of the two new germplasms and was planted more than 700 hm^2 every year.

关 键 词： 冬瓜 外源 花粉管通道法 正交设计 田间性状

领　　域： [农业科学] [轻工技术与工程] [轻工技术与工程]