作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 大连理工大学化工学院石油化工学院精细化工国家重点实验室

出　　处： 《大连理工大学学报》 2009年第2期175-179,共5页

摘　　要： 以高碘酸钠对玉米淀粉进行选择性氧化,详细考察了酸的种类、反应时间、pH、温度、投料物质的量比等对反应的影响,并从热力学、电化学等角度进行了理论解释.发现高碘酸钠与淀粉的物质的量比为1∶1,用稀硫酸调节pH为3.5,25℃下反应6 h,获得的双醛含量能达到99.7%.并且在此最佳工艺条件下,当物质的量比小于1时,双醛含量与投料比符合线性关系,高碘酸钠能够完全反应,因此,可以通过控制高碘酸钠与淀粉的物质的量比来严格控制产物氧化度.红外证明双醛淀粉的醛基主要以缩醛或半缩醛的形式存在,SEM分析了淀粉的形态变化. Corn starch was selectively oxidated by periodate sodium. The effect of acid category, reaction time, pH, temperature, the ratio of amount of substance of reactant on the oxidation reaction was studied in detail. And the conclusions were explained on the basis of thermodynamics and electrochemistry. The optimum reaction conditions are as follows, the ratio of amount of substance of periodate sodium to starch is 1 ： 1, pH is 3.5 by dilute H2SO4, temperature is 25 ℃, reaction time is 6 h, and the dialdehyde percentage of product is 99.7%. While the ratio of amount of substance of periodate sodium to starch is less than 1, the fit of dialdehyde content and the ratio of amount of substance of reactant to linearity is very good. Periodate sodium can react completely. Thus, the oxidation degree of product can strictly be controlled by ratio of amount of substance of periodate sodium to starch. The product was characterized by IR and SEM. The aldehyde groups of dialdehyde starch existed mainly in the forms of acetal or hemiacetal, which was confirmed by IR. The morphological changes of starch were analyzed by SEM.

关 键 词： 双醛淀粉 高碘酸钠 选择性氧化

领　　域： [理学] [理学]