作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 武汉大学哲学学院

出　　处： 《天津商业大学学报》 2009年第2期40-46,共7页

摘　　要： 1980年代以来经济学方法论有了许多新的进展,其中最为令人注目的是,穆勒的演绎主义方法论传统有了新的发展,对经济学定律的性质又有了新的解读。在20世纪后期豪斯曼和卡特赖特可以说是穆勒传统最重要的继承者和主要诠释者。豪斯曼的最有影响力的观点是将经济学解释为一门"不精确的独立的科学",并且提出了判别趋势律的四条标准,即近似真理性、概率的可靠性、虚拟模态特性和宽容性即"其他条件都相同"的条款。卡特赖特的最著名的观点是"权能实在论",她再次将本性、必然性和权能(capac ities)等本质主义概念引进到科学哲学和经济学方法论,她主张自然实体、经济对象都拥有权能——潜在的因果控制能力,经济学定律="趋势律"的根源就在于此。 There have been a lot of new developments in economic methodology since the 1980s. The most notable is that Mill＇ s deductive methodology has new viewpoints, which gives a new reading of economic laws. In the late 20^th century, D. Hausman and N. Cartwright were the most important successors to and the main interpreters of Mill＇ s tradition. Hausman＇ s most influential point is that economics is an ＂ inexact and separate science＂, in which he advances four criteria to identify tendency law： law-likeness, reliability, refinability, and excusability （ ceteris paribus）. Cartwright＇ s most famous point is ＂capacity realism＂, in which she reintroduces nature, necessity, and capacities （which belong to essentialism） into philosophy of science and economic methodology＇. Cartwright argues that both natural substance and economic agency have capacities-potential causal control power, in which the point that economic laws are tendency laws is rooted.

关 键 词： 穆勒传统 经济学方法论 豪斯曼 卡特赖特 权能 趋势律

领　　域： [哲学宗教]