作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 华南师范大学生命科学学院

出　　处： 《生态环境》 2008年第4期1690-1695,共6页

摘　　要： 手性农药由于其对映体选择性,在环境中具有特殊的归宿。研究其环境行为有助于准确评价生态系统和人体健康的风险性。文章综述了手性农药的研究进展,指出高效液相和气质联用法是不同环境介质中手性农药的主要分离分析方法;利用手性农药的对映体分数可研究农药在土壤-大气,水体-大气间的迁移过程;一些手性农药在土壤、水体和动物体内中发生的选择性降解与累积与微生物或特异性的酶有直接关系,可利用此性质修复被污染的土壤;归纳了在手性农药污染环境风险研究中应注意的问题;加强手性农药在环境中的选择性降解动力学、对映体转化及毒理学机制研究,并最终深入到代谢机理、蛋白和基因水平上,阐述产生手性对映体选择性的根源将是未来研究的方向。 As the selective biodegradation and bioaccumulation, chiral pesticides have special fates in environment. The research on the enantioselectivity of pesticides leads to the precise assessment of ecosystem and human health. The paper reviewed researches on chiral pesticides. High performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry are the main analytical methods of different chiral pesticides in environmental matrix. Enantiomer fraction （EF） is used to investigate the atmospheric transport and exchange of chiral pesticides with soil and water. As enantioselective degradation and cumulation of chiral pesticides in ecosystem are related with microorganism and special enzyme, the bioremediation of polluted soil is possible. The problems in the environmental study of chiral pesticides which should be noticed were summarized. The kinetics of biodegradation and bioaccumulation, the transfer of isomers and the toxicological mechanism should be enhanced. The future study should be developed into protein and genic level and present an explanation about the core of enantioselectivity of pesticides.

关 键 词： 手性 农药 选择性 环境 归宿

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]