作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所

出　　处： 《南方水产》 2007年第6期22-29,共8页

摘　　要： 利用4对微卫星引物分析了皱纹盘鲍Haliotis discus hannai和盘鲍H.discus discus在福建和广东养殖群体的遗传多样性。结果表明，4个养殖群体平均等位基因数为3．750—5．500，平均有效等位基因数为2．941～3．885，平均期望杂合度为0．641～0．698，平均观察杂合度为0．456～0．620，平均多态信息含量PIC值为0．558～0．645，其中惠来盘鲍群体遗传多样性最高，东山盘鲍遗传多样性最低。AMOVA分析表明，群体间的遗传变异仅为总遗传变异的4．78％，但群体间遗传分化显著（FSC=0．048，P〈0．001）。群体间NEI氏遗传距离为0．084—0．186，UPGMA聚类分析表明，东山盘鲍与惠来盘鲍群体间亲缘关系最近，并与惠来皱纹盘鲍聚为一类，东山皱纹盘鲍与其它群体间亲缘关系较远。皱纹盘鲍和盘鲍南方养殖群体遗传多样性较高，有利于遗传选育，但与野生群体相比等位基因有所丧失。 Two hatchery-produced populations of Haliotis discus hannai and two hatchery-produced populations of H. discus discns that were collected from Dongshan （Fujian Province） and Huilai （Guangdong Province） in southern China were studied using four microsa- tellite DNA loci. The results showed that average range of allele number （A） was between 3. 750 and 5. 500; average range of effective allele number （ Ne ） was between 2. 941 and 3. 885 ; values of average expected heterozygosity （ He ） ranged from 0. 641 to 0. 698 ; values of average observed heterozygosity （Ho ） ranged from 0. 456 to 0. 620 ; and the average PIC values ranged from 0. 558 to 0. 645 among the four hatchery produced populations. Genetic diversity of H. discus discus population in Huilai was the highest but that in Dongshan was the lowest among the four populations. AMOVA revealed that genetic variation among the four hatchery-produced populations accounted for 4. 78% only but significant （ FSC = 0. 048, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Pairwise NEI＇s genetic distances among hatchery-produced populations ranged from 0. 084 to 0. 186. Cluster analysis demonstrated that the two hatchery produced populations of H. discus discus had the closest genetic relationship and clustered into one group with Huilai population of H. discus hannai while Dongshan population of H. discus hannai had the most distinct genetic relationship with others. High level of genetic diversity revealed in the present study sug- gested that genetic selection could benefit hatchery-produced populations. However, there would be a loss of alleles for hatchery-produced populations as compared with wild populations.

关 键 词： 皱纹盘鲍 盘鲍 养殖群体 遗传多样性 遗传结构 微卫星

领　　域： [生物学] [农业科学]