作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 嘉应学院化学与环境学院

出　　处： 《水土保持学报》 2008年第1期105-108,共4页

摘　　要： 以湖南省7个稻田长期定位试验为基础，分析了无肥对照（CK）、化肥（NPK）、中量有机肥＋化肥（MOM）和高量有机肥＋化肥（HOM）4个处理下0～20cm土壤重金属Zn，Cu，Cd和Pb全量及其有效态含量的变化。结果表明：长期施用有机肥加大了稻田土壤受重金属污染的风险。仅施化肥对土壤Zn，Cu，Cd和Pb全量、有效态含量及活化率的影响均较小，而中、高量有机肥处理明显提高了土壤Zn，Cu，Cd的全量、有效态含量及活化率，只对土壤Pb的影响较小。且高量有机肥处理下其增幅最大，土壤Zn，Cu，CA全量分别比对照增加了6．1％，18．7％和8．3％，有效态含量分别比对照增加了87．3％，65．8％和41．4％，活化率分别比对照增加了77．5％，32．0％和29．8oA。有机肥的“激活”效应是导致土壤有效态重金属含量大幅提高的主要机制。各试验点土壤全Cd含量均大大超出了土壤环境质量二级标准（0．30mg／kg），表明各试验点稻田土壤都存在着不同程度的Cd污染问题。 On the basis of seven long-term located experiments in paddy fields, analysis was made on the change of heavy metal content and its availability in soil of 0-20 cm which were treated with four different fertilization trails detailed as fertilizing by no fertilizer, NPK, middle-leve, manure （30% organic N＋70% chemical N） and highlevel manure （60% organic N＋40% chemical N）. The results indicated that there was a bigger risk for paddy soils to be polluted by heavy metals under the treatment with long-term combination of chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure. Little change happened on the contents of total and available Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb and their activity under NPK treatment. But total and available Zn, Cu, Cd contents and their activity significantly ascended under MOM or HOM treatment. The most increase was under HOM treatment, at a rate of 6. 1% ,18.7%, 8. 3% respectively for total Zn, Cu, Cd contents, at a rate of 87.3% ,65.8%, 41.4% respectively for available Zn, Cu, Cd contents, and at a rate of 77.5%, 32.0%, 29.8% respectively for activity of Zn, Cu, Cd, compared with CK treatment. This increase was mainly caused by ＂activation＂ effect of farmyard manure. In addition, soil total Cd content overtopped Soil Environmental Quality Standard Ⅱ （0. 30 mg/kg） in all experiment sites, indicating that there was possibly prevalent Cd pollution in these paddy soils.

关 键 词： 有机肥 锌 铜 隔 铅 重金属有效性 水稻土

领　　域： [环境科学与工程] [农业科学] [农业科学]