作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 中国农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所

出　　处： 《作物学报》 1997年第5期555-561,共7页

摘　　要： 选用31个栽培大豆基因型进行花药培养。愈伤组织诱导率2.2％～36.6％,8个基因型的出愈率在25％以上,6个基因型产生了芽或胚状体,只有丰收黄、鲁豆10号二个基因型既产生了芽,又产生了胚状体,具有相对高的培养力。3年内共产生了14个再生芽、9个胚状体、6个芽状物和一个根、芽齐全的小再生植株。虽然获得花粉植株属于15年来的第一例,但愈伤组织分化率仍然很低,这与愈伤组织的状态和质量较差有很大关系。愈伤组织和再生芽、胚状体中没有ABA、ZT等分化所需激素,IAA或GA_3等生长素的含量也比较低,这是愈伤组织分化率低、再生芽容易枯死、胚状体不发育的根本原因。在培养基中添加ABA等激素后,愈伤组织中仍无ABA存在,认为激素平衡和协调问题应从诱导愈伤组织时入手解决,以此来提高愈伤组织的质量。 Soybean (Clycine max)is a recalcitrant crop for in vitro regeneration and the nature makes the progress in haploid plant induction sluggish. Thrity-one soybean genotypes were used in this study of anther culture and screened for high inducing ability. Relation between callus regeneration and endogenous hormone was analysed. Calli were induced from the anthers with a range of 2. 2 to 36. 6 percent. Eight genotypes were screened for their high percentage of callus formation, over 25 percent. Shoots or embryoids regenerated from the calli of six genotypes, among which the calli derived from Fengshouhuang and Ludou 10 differentiated not only shoots, but also embryoids, with relatively sensitive anther culture response. Fourteen shoots, nine embryoids, and six bud-like structures were obtained in three years from six genotypes. For the first time, a plantlet with roots was achieved in the world within the later fifteen years. In spite of the above, the callus regeneration still was very difficult and no reproducible, which is probably related to the low quality of the callus.No ABA and ZT that were essential to differentiation of callus were tested in the calli or shoots, embryoids, which may be the main reason of difficult differentiation of the callus or easy withering of the shoot. After adding ABA in differentiation medium, no ABA still was examined in the calli. So, the leveling and harmonizing of endogeneous hormone should be paid attention to from the begining of callus induction for improving the callus quality.

关 键 词： 大豆 花药培养 愈伤组织分化 胚状体 内源激素

领　　域： [农业科学]