作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 四川农业大学动物营养研究所

出　　处： 《水产学报》 2007年第6期749-756,共8页

摘　　要： 通过对幼建鲤(平均初重11.37±0.55 g)投喂5组不同维生素A水平的饲料(维生素A含量分别是3 969、23 816、39 693、99 233及158 773 IU·k^(-1)),进行70 d的饲养试验以及攻毒(为期15 d)和免疫接种试验(为期24 d),研究饲料中高水平维生素A对幼建鲤生长、饲料利用及免疫反应的影响。结果表明,饲料中过高维生素A显著地降低幼建鲤的体增重、净蛋白沉积率、肝胰脏重量、肠道皱襞高度、脾体指数、血红细胞、白细胞数量、血清溶菌酶活力及用灭活嗜水气单胞菌免疫后17、24 d血清抗体水平(P<0.05);显著提高饲料系数、肝胰脏维生素A含量(P<0.05),而对成活率、摄饵量、头肾体指数、后肾重量、后肾体指数,而用灭活嗜水气单胞菌免疫后0、10 d血清抗体水平影响不显著(P>0.05)。当饲料维生素A含量为158 773 IU·kg^(-1)时,对幼建鲤产生毒性作用。 Jian carps were developed by comprehensive breeding technique as a new variety with fast growth, efficient feed conversion, strong disease resistance, high market value, and excellent hereditary properties, and are considered a commercially important teleost for inland culture in China. The expriment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary hight levels of vitamin A on growth performance, feed utilization and immune responses in juvenile Cyprinus carpio var. fian. Prior to the formulation of diets, vitamin A contents of ingredients were analyzed fluorimetrically and vitamin A was found to be absent in the fishmeal, rice protein meal, a-starch, the soya oil. Five diets with increasing dietary vitamin A concentration （3 969, 23 816, 39 693, 99 233 and 158 773 IU·kg^-1, respectively） were randomly fed to triplicate groups of 40 fish（ initial mean weight 11.37 ＋0.55 g） each for 70 days. Juvenile Jian carps were obtained from a local commercial farm and stocked in the glass tanks for 2 weeks prior to the trial. At the beginning of the experiment, all fish in good health and condition were stocked in each aquarium （80 cm × 55 cm ×30 cm）. All dry ingredients were finely ground, carefully weighed and mixed thoroughly in a Hobart mixer. Vitamin A was pre-added in an oil mixer. The wet mash of even consistency was coldextruded through a pelletizer with a 2-mm diameter diet. The dry pellets were placed in covered plastic bags and stored frozen at -20 ℃ until fed. Each replicate was provided with flow-through tap water （2 liter min^-1）, constant aeration and cleaned as needed. Initial daily ration was 3% -4% of the body weight and adjusted according to feeding response. Based on visual observation, fish were fed by hand to apparent satiety twice per day in two equal portions at 9：00 and 15：00 h over a 10-minute period. Water quality parameters were monitored twice weekly. Water temperature was maintained at 21 ℃ ; dissolved oxygen 〉1 5.0 mg· L^-1 ; total ammonia-nitrogen 0. 025 - 0. 0

关 键 词： 幼建鲤 维生素 生长 饲料利用 免疫反应

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]