作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所

出　　处： 《地球学报》 2007年第5期446-455,共10页

摘　　要： 柴达木盆地自中生代末—新生代初以来,四周山体不断抬升,形成"高山深盆"的沉积环境,为盆地带来了大量盐类物质,再加上晚第三纪干旱封闭的气候环境,使其西部沉积了广阔而厚层的盐岩。在对柴达木盆地西部第三系、第四系地层出露盐矿点实地考察的过程中,采集、分析了22件水样品的水化学组成,通过K+含量及一些水化学系数变化特征的研究,查明了卤水的水化学类型主要为氯化物型和硫酸镁亚型,其成因基本属溶滤岩盐卤水、深部循环水以及二者的混合水体,Br-、B3+、Sr2+、Li+等微量离子含量较高,区域差异性较大,出现显著水化学系数异常;相比之下,柴达木盆地西部南翼山坳陷Br-、B3+、Sr2+、Li+含量值明显高于昆特依、察汗斯拉图、油砂山、开特米里克、油泉子、油墩子等坳陷区。Br×103/Cl、K×103/Cl等具找钾意义的水化学系数比其他地区高1～2倍,Br-、K+出现相对的富积,推测该坳陷成盐原始卤水曾浓缩达到较高析盐阶段或可能有大量深部富钾水体的补给,可作为寻找钾盐矿(富钾卤水)重点区域之一。 From Mosozoic to Cenozoic, the Qaidam Basin around big mountains unceasingly rose and formed a deposition environment of ＂high mountain and deep basin＂, thus yielding abundant sources of salts. Under the extremely drought climate environment of Late Tertiary, wide and thick strata of salt rock accumulated in the west basin. Therefore, this basin has been regarded as an important and favorable area in search for potash ore （ salt brine of rich potassium）. Based on such an understanding, the authors collected some brine samples around several representative salt mines and analyzed their hydrochemical components so as to find some clues to potash deposits. The results indicate that brines are exclusively of chloride type and sodium sulfate sub-type, and the formation of brines seems to be attributed to eluviation brine of rock salt and deep circulatory brine. Their chemical components vary from place to place in the area, with relatively high contents of Br, B, Sr, K, etc. A comparison shows that the Nanyishan depression in western Qaidam basin has obviously higher Br, B^3＋, Sr^2＋ and Li^＋than some other depressions. This area hence can be considered to be one of the most promising areas in search for potash ore （ salt brine of rich potassium）.

关 键 词： 柴达木盆地西部 卤水 水化学特征 钾盐

领　　域： [天文地球] [天文地球]