作 者: ;
机构地区: 中山大学政治与公共事务管理学院
出 处: 《开放时代》 2007年第6期21-34,共14页
摘 要: 本文从安东尼.吉登斯民族主义的论述出发,凸显民族主义的理念导向问题,并分析了三种不同理念导向下民族主义的不同走向:主权导向下的民族主义既可能具有维护国家主权的正当性,也可能具有扩张本国势力的侵略性。民族建构导向下的民族主义既可以沦为民族同化主义、种族主义,还可以滑向具有分离主义特征的族群民族主义,也可以走向在民族一体与族群多元之间寻求协调的包容型的民族主义。公民权导向的民族主义既可能与自由主义(突出公民的个人自由权)以及民主主义(强调公民的政治民主权)携手,也可能与重视公民美德的共和主义结盟。理性、健康的民族主义在很大程度上取决于对它的理念引导。 Nationalism is generally oriented by three kinds of ideology. Sovereignty-oriented nationalism may have the legitimacy of safeguarding national sovereignty, but there is in it the potential danger of national expansiveness and invasiveness. Ethnically oriented nationalism can easily deteriorate into ethnic assimilation, racism, or even clan separatism. Of course, it can also strike a balance between national identity and ethnic diversity and thereby become a harmonious and tolerant form of nationalism. Civil-right-oriented nationalism tends to come along with liberalism (stressing the right of freedom for citizens) and democracy (stressing the democratic rights of citizens), but it may also associate itself with republicism which gives prominence to civil virtues.