作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 东莞理工学院化学与环境工程学院化学生物工程系

出　　处： 《天然气工业》 2007年第9期102-104,共3页

摘　　要： 油气管线中,防止气体水合物阻塞的主要抑制剂有热力学抑制剂、动力学抑制剂和防聚剂。近年来,通过防聚剂将水合物分散到冷凝相这一方法部分取代了前两者。20世纪90年代后期,研究者开始使用表面活性剂作为防聚剂。进入21世纪后,防聚剂研究重点为减低生产成本、减弱环境危害。筒述了几大石油公司和研究所防聚剂研究情况,从防聚剂机理、化学结构、防聚效果等方面重点介绍了几种防聚剂。认为未来防聚剂的研究重点应放在防聚剂与热力学抑制剂的协同作用等方面。 The main inhibitors which can be applied to prevent the plugging and the formation of gas hydrate in the oil and gas pipeline are thermal inhibitor, kinetic inhibitor and anti-agglomerates. In recent years, the method of dispersing the hydrate in the condensation phase by virtue of anti-agglomerates has taken the place of the first two inhibitors. In the late 1990s, the researchers started to use surfactant as anti-agglomerates. Since the 21 century, the attentions have been focused on reducing the production costs and environment pollutions. This paper briefly introduced the research situations of several big petroleum companies and research institutes and made some introductions on several kinds of anti-agglomerates in terms of agglomerate mechanism, chemical structure, agglomerate performances, etc. It suggested to carry out the following researches: ①to investigate on the nucleation and agglomerate mechanism of hydrate; ②to explore how the influence of the pressure is on the performances of hydrate anti-agglomerates; ③to combine the advanced experimental technologies and molecular kinetics simulation technologies to further disclose the micro-function mechanism between the molecular of the anti-agglomerates and the host molecular and guest molecular of the hydrate. ④to seek more cost-effective and environment-friendly anti-agglomerates.

关 键 词： 天然气 水合物 防聚剂 表面活性剂 机理 化学结构

领　　域： [天文地球]