作　　者： ; (齐雨藻）;

机构地区： 暨南大学生命科学技术学院水生生物研究所

出　　处： 《海洋与湖沼》 1997年第3期245-255,共11页

摘　　要： 分析了1990年3月一1992年6月南海大鹏湾夜光藻种群数量与环境因子之间的动态关系。研究发现，夜光藻的生存水温的高限可达286℃左右，但其最适水温范围20-22℃，而适温范围可扩至16—25℃。所以，每年夏季高温季节，大鹏湾的夜光藻因无法忍受高温（30℃）而自然死亡，秋后再由外洋海流将其营养细胞带回。夜光藻的最适盐度应在29-33之间，但盐度的变化一般与夜光藻的种群变动没有明显的相关关系，不过暴雨或梅雨季节造成的表层水体盐度急降显然对主要分布于表层的夜光藻种群具有巨大的破坏力。为此，一个闷热和稳定无雨的气候环境对夜光藻赤潮的形成和维持起着重要的作用。虽然水体富营养程度的不断加重是水域夜光藻赤潮发生日益频繁的根本原因，但大鹏湾独特的规律性的潮汐循环（半日潮→回潮不等→全日潮→半日潮）和东南季风等产生的物理聚集同样起着重要的作用，这可能是大鹏湾成为夜光藻赤潮多发区的重要原因之一。 N0ctl1uca scintdlans seasonal distribution was investigated in DaPeng Bay,the South China Sea, fr0m March l990 to June l992' The dyndrical relationshipbetween the Noctiluca scintillans population and its environmntal factors wereanalyzed' The highest temperature lindt for NoctiIuca scintdtons was found to 28'6t.optimal was l6- 25 t. ms finding suggested that Noctiluca scintdlans in DaPengBay die naturally in the wann season because of the letha high temPerature of ca'30 t, and its vegetative cells were brought back again by the open sea currelltsafter fall' The density of N0ctiluca scintdlans poPulation usually did not vary soremarkably with salinity, but any abrupt and big fall in salinity due to heavy raininevitably resulted in sharp deeline or breakdown of the population in the study area'Ths indicaed that a progressively stable and muggy weather without heavy rain isvery important for the formation and maintenanee of N0cttruca scintUlans blooms'Exremely weak tidal current during the periods 0f diiml tide and from senddiUrnaltide to diumal inequality tide was assocated with the formation of the blooms'Although increasing serious eutrophication was a basic cause for the increasing ofNoctduca scintdtons blooms in the study area, mechanical convergCnee due to thetopographical and tidal features may constitutes a direct driving foree makingDapeng Bay a 'high occurrence areas for Noctiluca scintdtons red tide'.

关 键 词： 夜光藻 发生机理 种群生态 红潮 南海

领　　域： [环境科学与工程] [生物学]