作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 中国海洋大学水产学院海水养殖教育部重点实验室

出　　处： 《环境科学学报》 2007年第9期1497-1503,共7页

摘　　要： 在实验条件下研究了苯并[a]芘(B[a]P)暴露对栉孔扇贝的鳃、消化盲囊显微(10d、20d)和超微结构(10d)的影响.观察结果表明,10μg·L-1B[a]P处理10d时,栉孔扇贝的鳃上皮粘液细胞增多,在回血管中血细胞出现聚集现象;消化盲囊腺泡中嗜碱性颗粒增多,腺泡内细胞间界限模糊.超微结构观察可见,鳃上皮纤毛和微绒毛脱落,鳃上皮细胞内次级溶酶体增多,核周池扩大,鳃血腔中出现血细胞坏死后残留的细胞核;在消化盲囊分泌细胞中线粒体嵴减少,出现线粒体缺失形成的空泡,细胞内质网片断化,核糖体脱落.由10μg·L-1B[a]P处理20d时,在鳃回血管中发现血细胞坏死后残留的固缩细胞核,鳃丝的上皮细胞排列不规则甚至断裂,部分消化腺泡崩解,鳃丝结构和消化导管上皮结构损害严重;消化盲囊组织结构的损伤比鳃更为严重.这些组织结构损伤表明,栉孔扇贝在B[a]P胁迫下组织学的变化特征与过程与贝类组织解毒代谢过程相符合. 　Scallops（Chlamys farreri） were exposed to 10 μg·L^-1 benzo[a]pyrene（B[a]P）,and the microstructure（at 10 d and 20 d） and ultrastructure（at 10 d） of their gills and digestive glands were studied to identify toxicological changes.In the microstructure of gills from treatment groups exposed to 10 μg·L^-1 B[a]P for 10 days,mucous cells increased and haemocytes assembled at the primary lamellae vessel wall.Damage to the ultrastucture of the gills in the treatment group included shed cilia and microvilli of epithelial cells,extended perinuclear space,increased secondary lysosomes and lowered electron density of cells.Necrotic nuclei of haemocytes were observed in gill hemoceles.At day 20,the number of necrotic cells increased,and the epithelial cells became irregularly arranged or disconnected.In the microstructure of the digestive gland from treatment groups exposed to 10 μg·L-1 B[a]P for 10 days,basophil granules in the acinus increased,the borders between cells of the acinus were obscured,and the number of food particles decreased.In the ultrastucture of the digestive gland of the treatment group,the ridges on the mitochondria decreased,mitochondrial deficiency formed vacuoles,the endoplasmic reticulum broke into pieces,and the number of ribosomes increased.At day 20,some of the acini collapsed,and the epithelial cells of the duct were damaged.These results indicated that during these 20 exposure days,the structures of both the gills and the digestive glands showed the effects of B[a]P toxicity.

关 键 词： 苯并 芘 栉孔扇贝 组织 显微结构 超微结构

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]