作　　者： ; ; ; (郑云龙）;

机构地区： 广东海洋大学水产学院

出　　处： 《中国水产科学》 2007年第5期778-785,共8页

摘　　要： 于2004、2005年2个年度采用电子恒温控制装置(精度±0.1℃)研究北部湾海域养殖墨西哥湾扇贝(Argopectenirradians concentricusSay)对高温的耐受性,以期为该贝在南方海域的养殖提供依据。样品规格设稚、小、中、大4种,平均壳高分别为0.52 cm、1.83 cm、3.13 cm、5.01 cm。实验温度梯度0.5℃,范围31.0～34.0℃。实验前各温度组从常温状态按1℃/4 h的速率先后升温至各预设温度;把高温敏感起始点(Upper sensitive incipient temperature)定义为采用Duncan法多重比较结果显示与常温对照组存活率有显著差异(P<0.05)的高温端最低温度(记为USIT);把高起始致死温度(Upper incipient lethal temperature)定义为高温端168 h内导致各规格贝50%死亡的温度(记为168 h UILT50)。研究结果表明,稚、小、中、大4种规格贝的168 h UILT50分别为(32.40±0.01)℃、(32.67±0.01)℃、(32.71±0.01)℃、(32.08±0.02)℃,不同规格的墨西哥湾扇贝对高温的耐受性存在显著性差异(P<0.05),耐受性排列为小贝=中贝>稚贝>大贝。实验期间,未经历产精排卵的大贝,其168 h UILT50为(32.41±0.02)℃,经历产精排卵的大贝则下降为(31.73±0.02)℃,两者对高温的耐受性也存在显著性差异(P<0.05);稚贝与大贝的USIT均为31.5℃,而小、中贝则为32.0℃,进一步说明稚贝与大贝高温耐受性比小、中贝低。研究结果肯定了北部湾6 m以上水深海域夏天养殖该贝的安全性,也为墨西哥湾扇贝养殖场合适度的评价提供依据。 In 2004 and 2005, the electronically controlled temperature instrument （ ± 0.1 ℃ ） was used in laboratory to investigate the tolerance of Argopecten irradians concentricus Say with different sizes cultured in Beibu Bay, Shouth China Sea, to high temperature in an attempt to base on solid ground culture of A. i. concentricus Say. The A. i. concentricus Say of interest were divided into 4 groups according to their sizes： juvenile, small, middle and large, with their mean shell heights at 0.52 era, 1.83 era, 3.13 cm and 5.01 era, respectively. The experimental temperature gradient was set at 0.5 ℃, ranging from 31.0 ℃ to 34.0 ℃. Prior to experiment, the temperatures of different experimental groups were increased in turn from natural state to predetermined settings at a rate of 1 ℃/4 h. The upper sensitive incipient temperature （denoted USIT） was defined as the lowest temperature at the end of high temperature where the survival rate was statistically significantly different from that of control group at natural temperature（ P 〈 0.05 ） by using Duncan multiple comparison. The upper incipient lethal temperature was defined as the high temperature at which 50% deaths in each size in 168 h were caused（denoted 168 hUILT50）. The results showed that 168 h UILT50 values of the juvenile,small,middle and large sizes were （32.40 ± 0.014）℃ , （32.67 ± 0.010）℃, （ 32.71 ± 0.010 ） ℃ and （ 32.08 ± 0.019） ℃ respectively. There existed significant difference between different sizes of A. i. concentricus Say in the context of the tolerance to high temperature（P 〈 0.05）, which followed the orders： small individuals = middle individuals〉juvenile individuals〉 large individuals in terms of the tolerance ability. The 168 h UILT50 of large individuals which did not release gametes over the experiment was （32.41 ± 0.020）℃ ,whereas that of those large individuals which released gametes over the experiment declined to （31.73 ± 0.024）℃, the high temperature tol

关 键 词： 墨西哥湾扇贝 高温敏感起始点 高起始致死温度 北部湾

领　　域： [生物学]