作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 长江大学生命科学学院

出　　处： 《农业工程学报》 2007年第7期235-240,共6页

摘　　要： 为探讨植物提取物对香蕉采后病害的防治,采用孢子萌发法和菌丝生长速率测定百合科植物开口箭的甲醇提取物及其乙酸乙酯分部萃取物和正丁醇分部萃取物对香蕉炭疽病菌的离体抗菌活性,选用正丁醇分部萃取物进行耐高温(121℃处理20 min)、紫外光照射(30 W紫外灯距50 cm直射15 h)和酸处理(调节pH 3)的抗菌稳定性研究,并进行了提取物处理香蕉的贮藏防病试验。结果表明,开口箭甲醇提取物及其乙酸乙酯分部萃取物和正丁醇分部萃取物抑制香蕉炭疽病菌孢子萌发的半效应浓度(EC50)分别为1490.27,638.40,1112.65μg/mL,抑制香蕉炭疽病菌菌丝生长的EC50分别为1262.16,451.02,955.58μg/mL,正丁醇分部萃取物的抗菌活性不受热、紫外线和酸等因子的影响,用开口箭提取物处理采后香蕉果实,具有明显降低其潜伏性炭疽病发病率的作用。 To explore plant extracts as antifungal agents for the postharvest diseases control of banana, the antifungal activities against Colletotrichurn rnusae in vitro of the methanol extract, its ethyl acetate fraction and n-butanol fraction of the rhizomes of Tupistra chinensis were evaluated by spore germination and mycelial growth rate. The stability of antifungal activity of the n-butanol fraction of the methanol extract resisting high temperature （121℃ for 20 min）, UV irradiation （30 W for 15 h, 50 cm vertical distance） and acid （pH= 3） was investigated. Furthermore, the storage experiments of postharvest banana fruits dipped in the solutions of methanol extract and its two fractions were carried out separately. Results show that the EC50 values of methanol extract, its ethyl acetate fraction and n-butanol fraction inhibiting the spore germination of Colletotrichurn rnusae are 1490.27, 638.40, 1112.65 μg/mL, and the EC50 values inhibiting the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum musae are 1262.16, 451. 02, 955. 58 μg/mL, respectively. Treatment of high temperature, strong acid and UV irradiation do not affect the antifungal activity of the n-butanol fraction of the methanol extract of Tupistra chinensis against Colletotrichurn rnusae. Application of the methanol extract, its ethyl acetate fraction and n-butanol fraction lead to a significant decrease in the incidence of latent anthracnose during storage of postharvest banana fruits.

关 键 词： 开口箭 提取物 香蕉炭疽病菌 抗菌活性 香蕉贮藏

领　　域： [农业科学]