作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中国科学院华南植物园

出　　处： 《生物多样性》 2007年第4期382-392,共11页

摘　　要： 海南鹦哥岭保存了我国华南地区面积最大和最原始的热带雨林。2003-2006年间,作者通过近4个月的野外调查,对该地区植物物种多样性进行了研究,以期阐明其种子植物区系组成及其在中国植物物种多样性研究及保育中的重要性。结果如下:该地区共有野生种子植物173科825属1,706种(含变种)。该地植物区系成分热带性质较强,在属的水平上,泛热带和热带亚洲成分占优势,各占非世界属总数的25.28%和32.36%;中国特有属8个,占非世界属总数的1.01%,其中海南特有属2个,分别为多核果属(Pyrenocarpa)、盾叶苣苔属(Metapetrocosmea)。在种的水平上,热带成分占非世界种总数的70.50%,处于明显优势地位;中国特有种474种,占非世界种总数的28.42%,其中海南特有种149种,占中国特有种的31.44%。鹦哥岭的植物区系在组成上具有较强的特殊性,主要表现在不但具有较多的特殊类群,而且是亚热带植物种类与典型热带植物种类、干热性植物种类与湿热性植物种类相互渗透的交汇地带,在植物区系地理研究方面具有重要意义。最后作者还讨论了该地区与邻近4个地区植物区系的联系,认为鹦哥岭与吊罗山的种子植物区系相似性最大,而与鼎湖山、西双版纳的种子植物区系相比,鹦哥岭表现出更强的热带性。 The largest area and most pristine tropical rainforests in South China are preserved on Yinggeling Mountain, Hainan Island. In order to identify the floristic elements and the importance of the spermatophyte flora, we carried out extensive fieldwork during 2003-2006. A total of 1,706 species were recorded, belong- ing to 825 genera and 173 families. At the generic level, tropical elements were the dominant components, in which pantropical genera and tropical Asian genera contributed 25.28% and 32.36% of the total （excluding cosmopolitan genera）, respectively. There were eight genera endemic to China, including two genera （Pyrenocarpa and Metapetrocosmea） endemic to Hainan Province. At the species level, tropical elements contributed 70.50% of the total number of species （excluding the cosmopolitan ones）. There were 474 species endemic to China, accounting for 28.42% of the noncosm^opolitan species. Among them, 149 species （31.44%） were endemic to Hainan. Yinggeling Mountain has a unique flora, exhibited not only by newly recorded and unusual species, but also by being a geographical nexus of subtropical flora with typical tropical species, xerothermic with humid and warm species. Compared with the flora of four neighboring areas, the flora of Yinggeling Mountain showed high similarity with that of Diaoluo Mountain, but contained more tropical elements than Dinghu Mountain of Guangdong and Xishuangbanna of Yunnan.

关 键 词： 物种多样性 植物地理成分 特有性 保育

领　　域： [生物学]