作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 金华职业技术学院师范学院

出　　处： 《科技通报》 2007年第4期508-513,518,共7页

摘　　要： 延龄草(Trillium tschonoshii Maxim)为百合科植物,属国家Ⅲ级重点保护的野生植物,具有重要的药用价值。调查发现,延龄草根系不发达,平均直径较一般植物的粗,但是缺乏细根,而且成熟区根毛极为稀少,延龄草的根系总长度、总体积、表面积、突出面积等比一年蓬(Erigeron annuus)、小飞蓬(Conyza Canadensis)、野塘蒿(Conyza bonariensis)和钻形紫菀(Aster subulatus)等草本植物的明显要小,反映出延龄草吸收水份和矿质元素的能力相对较弱;延龄草茎和叶片解剖、光合作用特点、叶绿素含量、叶片气孔密度和分布位置等反映出该种是一种典型的阴生植物,不耐水湿条件强烈变化的环境。对浙江西天目山和清凉峰的延龄草种群调查表明,延龄草一般分布于海拔1050～1260m的落叶阔叶林下,林下郁闭度85%～90%、空气相对湿度80%～90%,土壤电导率在0.100mscm-1左右,有机质含量在11.54%左右,偏酸性(pH6.5),Pb,Cu和Cr等土壤重金属元素含量较低。 Abstract： Trillium tschonoshii Maxim, a species belonging to the family Liliaceae, was listed as national protect object （Grade 3）, which is also of important medicine values. The following main conclusions are drawn from the present investi- gations： （1）The root system of T. tschonoshii is simple, with few fine roots and root hairs in mature zone; compared with those of Erigeron annuus, Conyza Canadensis, Conyza bonariensis and Aster subulatus ,the root system of T. schonoshii is characterized by its less surface area, root volume and project area, together with its shorter total root length, which re- veals the weak abilities in its absorbing water and mineral elements. （2）The anatomical and morphological characteristics of leaves and steams, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, stomatal density and location on leaf epidermis indicate that T.tschonoshii is a typical shady plant without abilities to stand the acute variation in water and humidity of the environ- ment. （3）The populations of T. tschonoshii mostly grow under closed fallen broadleaved forests at altitude 1 105～1 260 m, with 80%～90% relative humidity, 85%～90% canopy shade, 11.54 % soil organic matter, about 6.5 soil pH, 0.100 ms cm^-1 soil conductance ,and lower the content of heavy metal elements such as Pb, Cu and Cr.

关 键 词： 延龄草 濒危原因 环境 解剖 光合

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]