作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 四川农业大学动物科技学院水产养殖系

出　　处： 《水生生物学报》 2007年第3期354-362,共9页

摘　　要： 本试验分别以0、25、50、100mg/kg饲料的维生素E水平进行了鲤维生素E缺乏的病理学和血液学研究。经20周的饲喂试验,各试验组的发病率和死亡率与日粮中维生素E水平呈负相关,其发病率分别为47.5%、22.50%、10.0%和0%,死亡率分别为22.5%、12.5%、5.0%和0%。病鱼出现特征性的背部两侧肌肉萎缩变薄,呈刀刃状的“瘦背病”、脊柱前凸及以突眼、竖鳞和腹水、体侧红肌纤维退色变白为特征的渗出性素质样病变。组织学上最突出的变化表现为营养性肌病、骨骼肌纤维变性、坏死,残存的肌纤维萎缩变细;心肌纤维变性、坏死;肝脏发生营养性肝病,肝细胞变性、坏死,甚至溶解消失,形成溶解灶。在肝细胞内可见大量黄色或棕黄色、圆形或椭圆形的蜡样质沉着。性腺发育障碍,精巢内精原细胞、精母细胞和精子细胞数量显著减少;卵巢发育迟缓,卵母细胞数量减少。胰腺变性、坏死。肾小球肿大,细胞增生,肾小管上皮细胞变性。超微结构上,骨骼肌横纹模糊不清或消失,肌浆凝固,核膜间隙增宽,核固缩;骨骼肌纤维、心肌纤维、肝细胞和肾小管上皮细胞线粒体肿胀,嵴断裂、溶解、有的呈囊泡化,内质网扩张,脱核糖体颗粒。 The pathology of vitamin E deficiency in common carp （cyprinus carpio） was studied. Juvenile carp weighing about 60g were fed a purified diet which was supplemented with vitamin E with 0, 25, 50 and 100mg/kg, respectively for 20 weeks. The morbidity and mortality were respectively 47.5% , 22.5% , 10.0% , 0 and 22.5% ,. 12.5% , 5.0%, 0. The fish fed vitamin E deficient diet occurred ＂thin back disease＂, lordosis and exudative diathesis with exophthalmus, scale erection and ascites. Gross changes showed skeletal muscular dystrophy, especially in both sides of the back. The red muscle in body sides became white muscle ; the liver was swollen with yellow color or blue color in last stage ; the heart was enlargement with hemorrhage in epicardium; the kidney was swollen with hyperemia and hemorrhage; the sexual gland with dysplasia showed that the weight and volume were decreased. Histopathologically, the changes showed nutritional muscular dystrophy,hepatosis dietetica, gonadal dysplasia , degeneration and necrosis of pancreas. The skeletal muscles showed degeneration and necrosis,dystrophy of survival muscle fibers; the cardiac muscles showed degeneration and hemorrhage; the liver showed degeneration, necrosis and many yellow or brown-yellow ceroidlike dense bodies in liver cells;the pancreas showed degeneration and necrosis;the kidney showed enlargment of glomerulus, degeneration in renal tubular epithelial cells ; the spermary showed the quantities reduce of spermatogonia, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte and spermatid; the ovary showed the quantities decreased of follicle. Ultrastructurally, the mitochondria of the cardiac muscle cells, the liver cells and renal tubular epithelial cells showed swollen with disinte- gration and lysis of caritas; the rough endoplasmic reticulum were enlargment with desquamation of ribosome; the karyotheca of skeletal muscle cells appeared broadening and the nuclears showed distortion with reduced electron density.

关 键 词： 维生素 缺乏 病理学 鲤

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]