作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 山东农业大学农学院作物生物学国家重点实验室

出　　处： 《分子细胞生物学报》 2007年第2期164-172,共9页

摘　　要： 玉米幼胚培养获得的胚性愈伤组织具有较强的长期继代能力和再生植株能力，常被用于构建转基因受体系统。然而基因型是制约玉米组织培养植株再生的重要因素之一，不同玉米基因型的幼胚培养能力关系到其遗传转化研究的结果。近年来，许多学者对玉米幼胚培养中胚性愈伤组织诱导和植株再生的遗传基础进行了大量研究。普遍认为玉米自交系幼胚培养能力的差异主要由细胞核基因控制，遗传效应复杂。研究表明玉米幼胚愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生频率具有高达90％以上的遗传力。 The immature embryo culturing capacity of maize is crucially important to maize improvement by transgenic approach. The hereditary variation regularity of maize embryo culturing capacity is not very clear yet. The research aims to study the relationship between inheritance and immature embryo culturing capacity of maize inbreds. By culturing immature embryos of 22 maize inbreds, embryonic callus induction efficiency and regenerating plant efficiency were analyzed with cluster analysis method. And the genetic relationships of 22 inbreds were analyzed using 14 SSR primers with good polymorphism. Results showed that 22 inbreds were classified into three groups. The average embryonic callus efficiency and regenerating plant efficiency of the inbreds with good culturing capacity were 85.0% and 86.7% respectively. The average embryonic callus efficiency and regenerating plant efficiency of the inbreds with middle culturing capacity were 41.3% and 53.1% respectively. The average embryonic callus efficiency and regenerating plant efficiency of the inbreds with bad embryo culturing capacity were 2.14% and 2.75% respectively. 22 inbreds were clustered based on 110 polymorphic loci and classified into 4 genetic groups based on GS （genetic similarity）=0.75. The consistencies were 91%,82% and 91% for the clustered results of the single character （embryogenic callus efficiency and regenerating plant efficiency）and both characters respectively, t test showed that immature embryo culturing capacity was significantly different between different genetic groups. Therefore, the immature embryo culturing capacity could be correctly estimated by polymorphic loci from the 14 SSR primers. The clustering method by the SSR provided a basis for forecasting and selecting the immature embryo cuhuting capacity of maize inbreds.

关 键 词： 玉米 幼胚培养 胚性愈伤组织 植株再生 遗传关系

领　　域： [农业科学]