作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华南师范大学历史文化学院

出　　处： 《学术研究》 2007年第4期102-114,共13页

摘　　要： 作为19世纪浪漫主义文化思潮的一位特殊代表,以英雄史观和社会批判而闻名的托马斯·卡莱尔给后世留下了诸多是非杂糅的文化遗产。在卡莱尔被冷落多年之后,近年来的中国学术界似乎又对这位文化名人报以特殊的热情,甚至将之视为“真正的先知”。如果对卡莱尔的历史哲学观念进行综合考察的话,我们将会发现,“人治”思想是其自始至终的基本观念,他所进行的社会批判只不过是为了给“人治”社会的重铸寻找“合适的”理由。从本质上看,卡莱尔的思想观念是与社会发展方向格格不入的,如果按照这位“先知”的思路去重建社会秩序,给人类文明带来的只能是去而复来的灾难。 As a special representative of romanticism in the 19th century, Thomas Carlyle, well known for his heroic concept of history and his social criticism, left a mixed cultural heritage. Having been treated coldly for many years, this historical person is recently paid an enthusiastic attention in Chinese academic circles, and some scholars even regard him as ‘a true prophet’. However, we should study Carlyle’s thought of historical philosophy comprehensively, before we make such a judgment. Through his vehement and brilliant writings one can find that 'ruled by man’, but not ‘ruled by law’, was the everlasting faith of this writer, and that the aim of his social criticism was only to find some proper excuses for reconstructing his ideal society. Essentially, Carlyle’s social ideas were incompatible with the historical trends. If the social order were reconstructed according to his imagination, the civilization of human race would be faced with new disasters.

关 键 词： 卡莱尔 原动力 英雄崇拜 社会批判 先知 意识

领　　域： [历史地理]