作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 中山大学生命科学学院

出　　处： 《中山大学学报（自然科学版）》 2007年第2期64-67,共4页

摘　　要： 通过池塘陆基围隔实验，研究了铜绿微囊藻对凡纳滨对虾低盐度养殖的危害。实验结果铜绿微囊藻在2％-6％。低盐度养殖水体中可大量爆发，形成单一优势种，种群增长快、持续时间长，种群密度和优势度高达5．39×10^7个·L^-1和88．9％。铜绿微囊藻毒性表现为时间和密度双重效应。对虾养殖期，微囊藻作为优势种持续时间30d以上，平均密度达到1．0×10^7个·L^-1或优势度达到35％，均致养殖对虾发病，并随密度升高和持续时间延长，对虾病情加重；平均密度低于4．0×10^6个·L^-1或优势度低于15％，对虾养殖正常，平均密度低于2．0×10^6个·L^-1或优势度低于6％对虾养殖安全。微囊藻为主要优势种，对虾养殖成活率平均为16．6％，体长和体质量平均生长速度为1．21mm／d和0．15g／d，对虾养殖成活率和生长速度显著降低。 Ten enclosures were set up in the shrimp pond to study Microcystis aeruginosa population dynamics and its harm to Litopenaeus vannamei low salinity stocking. The results showed that M. aeruginosa could bloom at 2‰ -6‰ salinity levels, its density and dominance reached 5.39 × 10^7cells·L^-1 and 88.9% , respectively, formed a dominant species with high rate of population increasing and long-term bioom. M. aeruginosa toxicity had effect of time and density. When its average densities reached 1.0 × 10^7 cells·L^-1 or dominance approached to 35% and population went on 30 d in the course of L. vannamei stocking, it could cause shrimp diseases outbreak. The diseases would be more serious duo to M. aeruginosa population density increasing and time prolong. But shrimp culture was normal while M. aeruginosa was lower in 4. 0 × 10^6 cells·L^-1 or dominance below 15%. M. aeruginosa density below 2.0 × 10^6 cells·L^-1 or dominance under 6% were safe level for shrimp stocking. When M. aeruginosa formed dominant species the mean survival rates of shrimp was merely 16.6 percent, shrimp body length and weight growth rates were 1.21 mm/d and 0. 15 g/d, respectively, as a result M. aeruginosa made shrimp growth and survival rates decline obviously.

关 键 词： 铜绿微囊藻 凡纳滨对虾 低盐度养殖

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]