作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 华南农业大学资源环境学院昆虫学系

出　　处： 《昆虫学报》 2007年第3期207-214,共8页

摘　　要： 研究了通过共享同一寄主卵,短管赤眼蜂Trichogramma pretiosum体内共生的Wolbachia被水平传递到拟澳洲赤眼蜂T.confusum体内后,Wolbachia对新宿主拟澳洲赤眼蜂的影响。结果表明:Wolbachia的侵染能使拟澳洲赤眼蜂进行不完全的产雌孤雌生殖,增加拟澳洲赤眼蜂子代雌性比例,但却导致了雌蜂寿命缩短和繁殖力降低的生理损失。Wolbachia感染的当代处女蜂及其建立的种群连续5代(F1～F5),其子代雌蜂百分率分别为79.17%、76.60%、68.66%、72.58%、68.15%和64.06%,基本上呈现出逐代降低的趋势,并越来越接近对照的63.85%。处女蜂及F1～F5代雌蜂的平均寿命分别为4.33、5.50、5.60、6.68、7.32和7.50天,而未感染交配雌蜂寿命为7.59天;处女蜂及F1～F5代雌蜂平均产卵量分别为11.33、70.00、86.41、93.90、102.92和124.38粒/雌,除F5代外,均显著低于未感染交配雌蜂的产卵量134.81粒/雌。用四臂嗅觉仪测定了Wolbachia新宿主拟澳洲赤眼蜂对寄主小菜蛾的嗅觉反应,结果表明Wolbachia的侵染具轻微干扰拟澳洲赤眼蜂嗅觉反应的负面影响。未感染Wolbachia的拟澳洲赤眼蜂及Wolbachia供体短管赤眼蜂对寄主小菜蛾具较强的嗅觉反应,其雌蜂在小菜蛾腹部鳞片正己烷提取液和小菜蛾卵表正己烷提取液处理区内滞留时间显著或极显著长于对照区。而感染Wolbachia的拟澳洲赤眼蜂F2代和F3代雌蜂,尽管在小菜蛾腹部鳞片正己烷提取液处理区内滞留时间比对照区长,但没有达到显著水平;其F2代雌蜂在小菜蛾卵表正己烷提取液处理区内滞留时间与对照区相比,也没有达到显著水平。随Wolbachia在拟澳洲赤眼蜂种群中垂直感染代数的增加,拟澳洲赤眼蜂对寄主小菜蛾的嗅觉反应恢复正常,在Wolbachia感染后的F4～F6代,雌蜂在两种提取液处理区内的滞留时间均显著或极显著长于对照区。 The effect of Wolbachia on biology and olfactory response of its new host, Trichogramma confusum, was studied after successful interspecific horizontal transfer of Wolbachia from T. pretiosum to uninfected T. confusum by sharing the same host egg. The results showed that Wolbachia infection could induce incomplete thelytokous parthenogenesis of T. confusum and therefore enhanced the female proportion of its new host, but meanwhile caused a physiological cost by curtailing longevity and reducing fecundity of its new host. The female percentage in progeny of the newly infected virgin female and its subsequent generations （ F1 - F5 ） were 79.17%, 76.60%, 68.66%, 72.58%, 68.15% and 64.06%, respectively, showing a decreasing tendency with the increasing of generations after horizontal transferring and gradually approaching that of the uninfected and mated T. confusum （63.85 % ）. The average longevity of newly infected virgin female and F1 - F5 females was 4.33, 5.50, 5.60, 6.68, 7.32 and 7.50 days, respectively, shorter than that of the longevity of uninfected and mated T. confusum （7.59 days）. The fecundity of the newly infected virgin female and F1 - F5 females was 11.33, 70.00, 86.41, 93.90, 102.92 and 124.38 eggs per female, respectively, all except F5 generation significantly less than 134.8 eggs per female, the fecundity of the uninfected and mated female. The olfactory response of the newly Wolbachia-infected T. confusum to the diamondback moth （DBM）, PluteUa xylostella, was tested by using a four-armed olfactometer under laboratory conditions. The results indicated that Wolbachia had a slightly negative effect on T. confusum by interfering their olfactory response. For the uninfected T. confusum and the Wolbachia-donor species T. pretiosum, their adults were detained significantly longer time in the treated areas than in the control area and showed a very strong olfactory response to hexane extract of abdominal scales and eggs of DBM. The retention time of F2 and F3 adults of the Wolbachia-infe

关 键 词： 拟澳洲赤眼蜂 新宿主 产雌孤雌生殖 生理损失 嗅觉反应

领　　域： [生物学]